Phylloxera inosvika microscopic root louse kana aphid, iyo inonyanya kurwisa midzi yeVivis vinifera mizambiringa, nenzira yakafanana iyo aphid inorwisa maruva emichero emaruva uye mashizha, nekugadzirisa midziyo uye kunwa mumvura. Kana imwe yakazara ne phylloxera louse, mizambiringa yavo inogona kuoma zvikuru, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kuti muti wacho uwane mvura inoda uye michina kuti urambe uri muzambiringa.
Chibereko chekupedzisira chepillloxera chinoenderana nemhando yemhando yevhu iyo muzambiringa uri kukura mukati. Iva ivhu ivhu uye muzambiringa inogona kunge yakabikwa; ivhu rejecha uye muzambiringa unomira mukana wekupona pirlloxera kupinda, nekuda kwemvura yakanaka uye nzvimbo isina kukodzera ye phylloxera bug kuti ibudirire.
Nhamo Ine Phylloxera
Pakati pakati pemakore ekuma1800s, phylloxera infestation yakava denda munyika yose yeFrance uye zhinji dzeEurope, kuparadza zvikamu zviviri kubva muzvitatu zvemazambiringa. Zvizvarwa zvevashandi vewaini zvakabvarurwa ndokupisa mipesa yeminda yemizambiringa mune chiedza chinotyisa chokugumisa kuparadza. Kutyisa kwakagadziriswa uye kugadziriswa kwakatsvakwa kure nekure. Zvinoshamisa, zvose zvinotanga kukonzera uye kugadzirisa kwekupedzisira kudambudziko kweEurope kwakabva kuNorth America. Mushure mokuongorora kwakanyanya, zvakagadzirirwa kuti phylloxera louse yakatanga muUnited States, kunyange zvazvo vanhu vemuAmerica vemizambiringa vakanga vasingagoni kurwisana nechirwere ichi.
Izvo ndiko kupikisa uku kwaizoguma kwakabatanidzwa kupa mhinduro inogadzirisa zvirwere zvepurolloxera dzeEurope.
Creative Cultivars
Vatsvakurudzi vakaona kuti nekubatanidza muzambiringa weEurope pamusoro pemiti yeAmerica, vanogona kugadzira chimiro chePhylloxera kubva pakudya pamuti wemuzambiringa kana ichichengetedza maruva emuzambiringa wepakutanga.
Nokubvumira muzambiringa kuti uchengetedze unhu hwayo hwekuzvarwa uye unhu huri pamidzi yakasimba, rudzi rutsva rweminda yemizambiringa rwaizogadzirwa kuti rubudirire. Izvi zvakawanikwa zvakakonzera vatori kuti vaite basa guru rekubvisa mizambiringa yose uye kuitora iwo nemiti yemizambiringa yakabatanidzwa. Vagadziri vepasi yekare vakamanikidzwa kusarudza michero yavo mikuru yekubatanidza pamigumo yemidzimu, iyo yakagadzirisa hutano hwakakwana munyika yose.
Phylloxera's Sirivha Isingatarisirwi Mucheka
Kurumidza-kutora mamwe makore zana uye nharaunda dzenharaunda dzakadzorerwa. Mumakore ema1980, mizambiringa yeCalifornia yakanga iri kurwiswa kubva kune simba guru rePhylloxera louse. Kuziva kuti chirongwa chemukati chakanga chiri chega chakanakisisa, vaiti vezvigadzirwa vakashongedza pachavo nokuda kwezvikwereti zvakanyanya zvekudziridzwa ne phylloxera resistant rootstock. Nevanopfuura madhiyoni mabhiriyoni emari vakaiswa muzvirimwa zvitsva, vaparidzi veCalifornia vanobudirira zvakananga bhodhi reset uye vakadyarwa nechinangwa. Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzaibva dzasimwa mumamiriro ekunze uye nheyo dzaive dzakakosha kune zvaidiwa zvakanyanya kukura. Iko sirivha yokugadzirira? Zviri nani muwaini, mari shoma yevatengi, uye kutsvakurudza kunowanzoitika nekuda kweiyo pesky phylloxera.