Chokoreti inogona kuva chikafu chekudya uye chinowanzobatanidzwa, asi shoko rokuti "chocolate" rinogona kureva zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana. Izwi rimwe chete rinoratidzira zvose kubva pakusvibiswa, rakanaka, tsvukuti yakachena kune chocolate yakashata yakaoma, uye zvose zviri pakati. Saka chokoti chii, inobva kupi, uye zvese zveshokotiro zvinorevei ?
Brief Summary of Chocolate
Chokoti, sezvatinowanzozviziva, ndicho chigadzirwa chenguva refu yekuchenesa inotanga nemichero (cacao nyemba) yemiti inopisa Theobroma cacao .
Nyemba dzakabikwa, dzakaomeswa, dzakabikwa, uye pasi. Mushure mokunge, zvigadzirwa zvinoguma zvinosanganisira kocoa bhotela, mafuta anonyorova, akaoma anoshandiswa mune zvose zvezvokudya uye zvigadzirwa, uye chokoreti doro, kana pasi yakakangwa nehocoa nyemba.
Mhando yetikoroti inobva pakutsvaira iyi inotsanangurwa nemari yakasiyana-siyana yekocoa bhotela uye chokoti zvinodhaka zvinosanganiswa nechokoti, pamwe nehuwandu hweshuga uye zvimwe zvimwe zvinokanganisa zvinowanikwa musanganiswa.
Mufambiro weChikoro Zvimwe
Iyi nhungamiro pfupi yemhando yetikoroti ichaita kuti mazita akawanda echokoti akasiyana, uye akubatsire kusarudza rudzi rwakakwana rweshokotikiti kune recipe yako.
Cocoa powder: Iyi poda isina kunyorera yakasvikwa, yakasanganiswa chokoreti doro. Ikopa yeCoco inopa chishuwo chakanyanya choroti uye inowanikwa mu "Dutch-processed" (alkalized) kana marudzi akasiyana-siyana. Dhaka rekucocoa yehuni inopfava, ine simba, yakatumidzwa chocolate tsvina. Iyo inenge yakanyanyisa, naizvozvo zvakanakisisa kushandisa sora rekucocoa muhupfuro kudana kubika soda. Alkalized cocoa powder yakasviba muvara, zvishoma nezvishoma, uye ine chikwata chakashata chocolate. Alkalized cocoa powder inokurudzirwa kuti zviyekekwe zvinoshevedza kubika.
Chokoti isina kupera: Inozivikanwawo se "shungu" kana "kubika" chokoti. Ichi chokoti yakachena yakasvibirira, inongogadzirirwa chete yepasi cocoa nyemba. Kunyange zvazvo inoratidzika uye inofuta setiroti, ine inonaka inorwadza uye haisati yafanirwa kushandiswa kwayo pachayo-inoshandiswa zvakanakisisa mukubika apo inogona kusanganiswa neshuga kuitira kuti iwedzere kunakidza. Nokuti kocoa nyemba dzine mairi akaenzana ekocoa borosi uye kocoa solids, chokoti isina kusvibiswa inokonzera yakadzika, yakawanda chokocoti inonaka kune zvakabikwa. Chokoti isina kupera ishoko rekugadzirisa mune mamwe marudzi echokoti, kunze kwerokoroti yakachena.
Chokotiro yerima: Chokoti ine chokoti doro, shuga, cocoa bhuru, vanilla uye lecithin (an emulsifier). Hapana mazamu emukaka akawedzerwa kune chocolate. Irocoa inokonzerwa nekutengeswa kwemashoko echokoti yakasvibiswa inogona kubva kubva ku30 muzana (sweet dark) kusvika ku70 kusvika ku80 muzana yezvipfigiso zvakasviba. Chocolate Bittersweet uye chokoti yakasanganiswa uye inotapira inowirawo mu "dark chocolate".
Chocolate Bittersweet: Chokoti, sezvinotsanangurwa neDFA, iyo inenge inenge 35 muzana yecocoa solids. Nzira dzakawanda dzinotyisa dzinokwana 50 muzana yehokodha inodhaka, pamwe nedzimwe mbariro dzinosvina 70-80% chokoreti doro. Ichi chokoti chinowanzove chakadzika, chinotyisa kupfuura kunaka kwakasviba kana kuti semi-inotapira mazariro. Zvisinei, chiyero cheshuga muchokoti hachina kutongerwa, saka imwe "bhari" inogadzira iyo inogona kutora inotapira kupfuura imwe ye "semi-sweet" bar.
Chokoti yakashata: Izvi zvinonyanya kutaura izwi rechiAmerica, rakakurumbira neNestle Toll House semi-sweet chocolate chips. Chokoti yakasviba ine bhenekeri inenge inenge 35 muzana yecocoa solids uye inofungidzirwa kuva yakasviba kudarika sweet sweet chocolate, asi inotapira kudarika kuchema. Zvisinei, kushayikwa kwemitemo pamusoro pehuga hwehuga kunoreva kuti izvi zvinyorwa zvisinganzwisisiki pane zvigadzirwa.
Sweet sweet chocolate: i "chocolate yakasvibiswa" mupfungwa yokuti haina mukaka wakaoma, asi ichiri nehuwandu hwemashuga uye inotapira kupfuura mamwe maitiro echoshokoti. Mafuta akawanda ekoti yakasvibiswa yakawanda ane 20 kusvika ku40 muzana yecocoa solids.
Chokoti yehuchi: Mukuwedzera kuva nekocoa bhokri uye chokoti doro, chokoreti yemukaka ine mukaka wakagadziriswa (marudzi akawanda eEurope) kana mukaka wakaoma wemukaka. Chokoti yehuchi inofanira kuva ne10 muzana yehokodha inodhaka (muUnited States), 3.39 muzana butterfat, uye 12 muzana yehuta yakasimba. Zvokudya zvemukira zvinowanzova zvinotapira kupfuura chokoti yakasviba uye zvine ruvara rwechivara uye zvishoma zvisingatauri chocolate. Chokoti yehuchi yakaoma zvikuru kutsamwa zvakanaka uye inowanzova yakanyanyisa kupisa .
Chokoti Yera: White chokoti inowana zita rayo kubva kucocoa bhururo irimo, asi haina chokoti doro kana zvimwe zvinodhaka zvekocoa. Somugumisiro, haina chirevo chekocoti inonaka asi kazhinji inonaka sezvinoita vanilla kana zvimwe zvinowedzera zvinonhuwira. Nomutemo, chokoti yakachena inofanira kuva nechepasi 20 muzana yecocoa batare, 14 muzana yemukaka, uye ine 55% yega shuga. Kune dzimwe "chokoti tsvuku" zviripo zviripo zvinomera zvinomera panzvimbo yekocoa bhuru-izvi zvinofanira kudziviswa kubva pamagariro, sezvo zvisingabatanidzi zvekukocoa zvachose, uye hazvisi zvekuchena chocolate.
Chocolate Chocolate: Inoshandiswa zvikuru nevevakeki vevakeki kana kuti vanogadzira, ichi chokoti ine yepamusoro (inenge 30 muzana) yekocoa bhotela, uyewo nehuwandu hwehusekiti wewaini. Ichi chikwata chakakwirira chinoita kuti chive chakadhura, asi zvinoreva zvakare kuti chocolate yakagadzirwa inosvibisa uye inonyunguduka nokukurumidza uye yakafanana. Chocolate chokoti ndiyo chokoti yakasarudzwa yekutengesa uye kubvongodza pipi. Iyo inouya murima, mukaka, nemhando dzakachena, uye inogona kutengwa paIndaneti kana pane zvakachengetwa zvekate zvishongo zvekugadzira.
Gianduja chokoti: Gianduja ndiro zita rinopiwa kuEurope maitiro echokoti yakagadzirwa neshoko rekoti uye nut. Hazelnut paste ndiyo yakawanda, asi gianduja inogonawo kugadzirwa nealmond paste. Inouya mumukaka kana masikati tsokoroti. Gianduja tsokolate inogona kushandiswa sekunhuvira kana kuti inotsiva mukaka kana chocolate tsvuku. Pachando yechitonho, zvinonyorera zvakakwana kuti zvigadzirwe kana kutemwa asi zvakanyorovesa kushandiswa pakuumba zvikorekiti.
"Kubhakwa kwepipi" chokoti: Inonziwo "confectionery coating," "kuvezwa kwezhizha," kana "chigadziko." Aya mazwi anotaura nezvezvigadzirwa zvemasipi zvinosvibiswa nemukaka wakaoma, mukaka kana chokoti mutsva uye zvinotsiva yemiriwo kana maruva emichindwe ecocoa butter . Izvi zvinodhura kupfuura zvidhori zvakawanda, uye hazvina zvakawanda zvakakura zvehokoro doro; naizvozvo, havana chokoti yakashata kana kuti inofadza muromo. Kunyange zvakadaro, vane zvakanyanyisa kunyauka uye kugadzira zvinhu uye saka zvinowanzoshandiswa mukugadzira mashizha kuti zvidimbure kana kuvhomora, sezvo zvisingatsvaki kutengesa uye zvinogona kumira kutonhora kwakanyanya. Ngwarira kuti usazonganisa kushandiswa kwevhisi neshoko rekoti, sezvo mafuta asingabatanidzi uye iyo inokonzerwa nemashizha inenge isingafadzi uye yakasarudzwa.