Butter (German: "Butter die") yakagadzirwa ne butterfat mukamu wemhou, makwai nembudzi (uye dzimwe nguva dzimwe mhuka dzakamera). Iti butterfat (inozivikanwawo seyakakodzwa mafuta) inowanikwa mudiki, pasi rose mabhirigi akakomberedzwa nembambo ye phospholipid uye lipoprotein. Iyo lipid, kana kuti mafuta anongedzera mukati mepasi rose, nepo phosphates kana mapuroteni semvura yakadzika kunze kwemashizha. Izvi zvinoita kuti mabhora maduku (0.1 kusvika 1 micron muhupamhi) akanyatsogadzikana.
Kana ichinyorwa, kirimu inova inoputika (yakarova kamu cream), zvinoreva kuti mhepo inoputika uye mafuta emagetsi anowedzera mhepo inoputika. Kana vakaroorana pamwe chete kwenguva yakareba uye pane yakanyanya kupisa (55-65 ° F) kupfuura apo pakuita kamuki yakagadzirwa (anenge 40 ° F), makumbo ose anoputika uye anopindirana nemamwe magasi.
Shingairira zvakakwana uye mafuta e globules mumvura emulsion inverts uye inova mafungu emvura mumafuta, anoparadzanisa kubva kune chikamu chakawanda chemvura nemukaka (milky). Nokunyatsogadziriswa kunotonhorera uye kunyanya kuchenesa panguva ino, bhotela inova mafuta akawanda emamorphous, asina mvura shoma, mapoka mashoma emakisi emisi uye mashomanana, mashoma magasi. Izvi ndizvo zvinoita kuti bata rive rakanaka uye rakanaka uye risina kusimba uye rakaoma.
Iyo bhotela yakaparadzaniswa kubva muhomwe uye bhotela inogona kushambidzwa kuti igadzirise kuchengetedza kwayo. Zvadaro yakasvibiswa (kana ichiita bharireti yakagadzirwa nomunyu) uye yakashanda kuvandudza kusagadzikana.
Nokuda kweizvi, tapota tarisa mufananidzo weButter's USDA.
Kusiyana pakati peGermany Butter uye North America Butter
US uye eCanada mitemo inoda kuti huwandu hunenge huwandu hunoita 80% hwehuisi muhutura, pamwe nemakambani akawanda anokonzera bhotela nereji ye 81% mafuta emukaka (80-82%).
Mitemo yeGermany, kune rumwe rutivi, inotaura zvisati zvasvike 82% mafuta emukaka (kana butterfat) uye borosi inowanzobudiswa nepamusoro pe 85% mafuta emukaka.
IGermany inotengesa hutori hwakawanda (hunhu), asi vazhinji bhotela muNorth America sweet sweet butter.
Maitiro Okugadzirwa Kwayo Akaitwa
Yakakurwa (soured) butter, kana yeEurope-style butter ("kufa Sauerrahmbutter") inogadzirwa nokuisa mukana wekrimu kwemaawa anenge makumi matatu muhupo hwebhakitiriya zvakanyanya kukura kumiti yakasvibira yemukaka (sekunge iwe paunogadzira quark, yogurt kana mukroma omunyu) . Mushure mokunge makabatiro aya akaiswa mumutambo wakajairika. Iko pH yemuti uyu inofanira kunge iri pakati pe1: 5.1 ne6.4.
Imwe mhando yeEuropean-style bhati inowedzera mabhakitiriya mushure mekunge bhotela ichinyorwa uye inonzi "mildgesäuerte Butter" muGermany (zvinyoronyoro bhinzi). Nemhaka yokuti yakawanda yemvura yakatodururwa kare, chigadzirwa chacho chiduku uye chinotora nzvimbo shomanana yekubatanidza, kuchengetedza kambani mari. Iyi bhotela inofanira kunge ine pH inopfuura 6.4, izvo zvinoreva kuti hazviiti zvishoma (tart duku) kupfuura "Sauerrahmbutter" inotaurwa pamusoro apa.
Ndeipi Itiyo Izvo Zvakanakisisa?
Bakache vanowanzofarira mafuta ane mafuta akakwirira, kunyanya kwehutu hwekudya uye laminated pastries. Vanodawo bhotela risina kumira kuitira kuti vagone kutarisa munyu mune zvigadzirwa zvavo. Munyu wenyuchi muwaini asiries (zvose zvinotapira uye soured cream butters) zvinogona kusiyana kubva ku 0.4% kusvika ku 4%, zvichienderana nemuti.
Bhuruu yakagadzirwa kazhinji inowanzodiwa patafura uye yekupedzisa ndiro.
Sweet cream butter is better for binding sauces, sezvo isingarambi yakakurumidza seyakagadzirwa nehutu uye inoita sechisunga zviri nani. Kunyangwe iwe unofarira tambakiti inotapira kana yakagadzirwa boroti inobva pane yawakakura uye zvaunoda. Vazhinji veAmerica vanowana hutori hwakakonzerwa kuti huve hutano hwakanyanya nokuti vakakurira ne sweet cream butter.
Mufananidzo weButter uye Bhute Zvokudya
North America butterfly (ona mufananidzo) kune vashandi vanowanzouya murefu, akacheka, mapepa akavharidzirwa mapejiji mana ega imwe neimwe (anenge 100 gm). Kumadokero kweUnited States, tsvimbo dzinogona kuva shoma uye dzakashata. Bhodhoro ndiro yakagadzirwa kuti ienderane nehukuru hwehutu.
MuGermany uye vazhinji veEuropean Union, bhotela yakaiswa mukati ma 250 gram (anenge 9 ounces), zviputi zvakaputirwa, zvakadai sekisiki muSouth America.
Heano mufananidzo weGermany butter muGermany chinotyisa.
Where To Buy European Style Butter
Iko kune vanoverengeka vanogadzira muUnited States iyo inogadzira yeEurope-style butter.
- Organic Valley European-style yakagadzirwa bhotora - 84% butterfat.
- Plugra - 82% butterfat - sweet cream.
- Straus Family Creamery - 85% butterfat - inotapira, kwete yakagadzirwa - inorayira paIndaneti
- Vermont Butter uye Cheese Creamery - 86% butterfat - yakagadzirwa, ine denga rekutsvaga.
Zvizhinji zvezvibereko izvi zvinowanikwa pane zvekudya zvekudya zvakadai se Whole Foods Market kana Natural Grocers. Plugra inogona kuwanika pane dzimwe nguva muzvitoro.
Chii Chinonzi Butterschmalz?
"Butterschmalz" inotsanangurwa bhotela (heino nhanho nehanho rekuita kuti ujekese mafuta) kana bhuru rinosungunuka, zvichibvumira mvura kuti ifukidze uye maruva emukaka kuti aparadzanise. Skim mukaka wakanyanyisa kubva mumusoro uye zvakasara zvinotsanangurwa butter. Inoramba yakareba kupfuura mafuta uye haipise sezvinoita nyore kana kupisa kwakanyanya kushandiswa.
Kune chigadzirwa muGermany chinonzi "Butterschmalz" iyo inenge yakasiyana-siyana yeka-butter-flavored shortening. Zvichida Crisco yakashongedzwa nehotela yaizova nzvimbo yakanaka. Ghee yakafanana nekujekesa bhotela, kunze kwekuti mazamu emukaka anobvumirwa kuva maronda, achipa mafuta chiedza chinonaka. Kana iwe uri nguva shomanana, shandisa hafu yetirea, hafu yeirimu mune imwe nzvimbo inotsvaira kana kuti kuisa ruvara rwechifukidzo sechinotsiva "Butterschmalz." Mafuta anochengetedza bhotela racho kuti rirege kupisa asi rinoramba riine ruzha.