Nzira Yokutanga Candy Company

Ndinowanzogamuchira maimeri kubva kune vashandi vemusha vanofarira vanoshamisika kuti vanogona sei kuchinja kufarira kwavo netarenda kuva basa. Zvinosuruvarisa, zvinotora zvinopfuura kungoda kutanga svondo rako kana bhokiti bhizinesi; semhando ipi zvayo yekushanda, inoda kubhadhara kukuru kwenguva, kushanda, nemari. Kuti ndiwane pfungwa yekuti basa rakakura rakadii rakabatanidzwa, ndakaenda kunotsvaka candymaker yaive kubudirira yaigona kujekesa nzira yacho.

Art Pollard, nheyo uye Mutungamiri weAmano Chocolate, akanga ane mutsa akakwana kupindura mibvunzo pamusoro pezvakaitika zvake kutanga bhizinesi regourmet chokoti kubva pfupi. Verenga pamusoro kuti uone kuti akatanga sei kuita chokoreti (pamba!), Matambudziko ake makuru, mabhuku api uye makirasi anokurudzira, uye ndeapi mazano aanoita iwe, imba yekudzidzira.

Candy Guide: Ngatitange newe. Iyo webhusaiti inoti iwe unyanzvi hwako hwemagariro hwaiva mune sciences. Chii chakaita kuti ufarire chikoleti? Wakabva sei uchifarira chocolate tsvina kuti uite basa iri?

Art Pollard: Ndakakurira kuLos Alamos, New Mexico, kumba kumba kweLos Alamos National Laboratory. Hazvishamisi kukura ipapo pasina kuwana chimiro chakasimba muzvesayenzi. Itaundi rakanaka rakakomberedzwa neponderosa pine uye ndinotenda nzvimbo yakanaka yekukura. Ndakaenda kuchikoro chesekondari muSeattle. Seattle iri pachayo mecca yekudya, uye inoshamisa tsveve hove uye zvibereko zvinowanikwa paPike Street Market zvakanyatsopindira zvangu zvekudya zvekudya. Pandakapedza chikoro, ndakatanga kambani kambani software. Isu tinogadzira uye tinyore kutsvaga injini, kana kuti tinyatsotsanangura, chaiyo yekombiyuta yekutsvaga. Mamwe makambani reisense uye kushandisa teknolojia yedu yepawebsite yavo kana zvigadzirwa. (Mhedzisiro ndeyekuti inonyanya kuwandisa yevadzidzi vako ine makombiyuta epamba uye emabasa mamwe emitemo yandakatanga.)

Apo ini ndichiri kuenda kuchikoroji, ndakafunga kuti zvingava zvinonakidza kugadzira chocolate yangu . Ndakataura izvi kune shamwari yandaishanda pamwe nayo mumatare e physics. Panguva iyo ndakanga ndisingazivi kuti chii chaibatanidzwa, chete kuti chakanga chisingawanzoitwa. Akandiudza kuti ini ndanga ndisingakwanisi kuzviita uye kuti zvaisakwanisika kusina mazana ezviuru kana mamiriyoni emadhora mumidziyo.

Izvi zvakabata kufarira kwangu, kunyange zvakadaro, panguva iyo, handina kuitsvaga kure. Pasina nguva refu, ndakanga ndiri muHawaii pahusiku hwangu, uye ini nomudzimai wangu takawana nzvimbo yekambani yeBelgian confectionery. Ichocolates yakanga yakanaka. Vakanga vari mumhando yakawanda, uye vakapfekedzwa mukanera rakanaka regirazi, vaiita sematombo anoyevedza. Panguva iyoyo, ivo vangave vakave vakanaka kupfuura dzimwe dzose dzandaimboona. Pandakabvunza mukadzi kutera kuti mari yakawanda sei, akapindura $ 2.00. Ndakanga ndakaderedzwa. $ 2.00 kwechikamu chiduku che "candy"! Ndakanga ndiri murombo panguva iyoyo, ndangobva kudzidza, uye kambani yangu yepurogiramu yakanga ichiri kunetseka. Uye $ 2.00 yakakosha kunyange kupfuura ikozvino kupfuura ikozvino. Kunyangwe zvakadaro, ndakabhadhara $ 4.00 pamabhadharo emudzimai wangu neni. Pakarepo painonaka, isu tose taitarirana uye taiziva kuti ichi chaiva chinhu chinokosha. Ndakanga ndakagadzikana. Zvinosuruvarisa, kambani yandakawana pakutanga rudo rwangu rwekotiroti haisati yasimirirwa muUnited States. Kunyange zvakadaro, ndichagara ndichiyeuka iyo nguva yekutanga pandakaona kuti bon-bon inogona kunge isingori chidimbu chevhisi asi chidimbu cheunyanzvi.

Sezvo kambani yangu yepurogiramu yakakura, ndakatanga kuedza nekuvaka chokoreti yangu yekuchenesa senzira yokunyorera coding apo ndaida kubvisa musoro wangu.

Ndakashandisa maitiro akasiyana-siyana kuti ndione kuti imwe shanduko yakashandura sei kunaka uye kugadzirwa kwechokoti yekupedzisira. Pakupedzisira, mushure mokutengesa kukuru, ndakauya nechinangwa chandakafunga kuti chaishanda zvakanaka. Vamwe vanoita sokuti vakafunga saizvozvo, nokuti zvakanga zvisiri nguva vasati vambo shamwari neshamwari vaifuratira chocolate yangu. Hazvina nguva refu ndisati ndave ndichinyora coding mune imwe kamuri ndichiteerera chogoroti yekuchenesa chug kure mune imwe nzvimbo.

Pashure penguva, kambani yangu yepuraneti yakaunza kontrakita huru, uye ini nebhizimisi yangu uye ini takasarudza kuti taida kuita chimwe chinhu kunze kwemazuva ano ne windfall. Akataura kuti tiite chokoreti, sezvo ndakanga ndatoita chokoti isingakoshi mumushandi wandakanga ndavaka. Pakutanga, ndaive ndakanetseka, kubvira panguva iyoyo, ndaiva neruzivo rwakakwana kuziva kuti basa guru rakadini uye kuti pane zvikonzero zvakanaka zvikuru nei vanhu vasina kuita chokoti kubva pakatarisa pamwero muduku.

Kunyange zvakadaro, mushure mokukurukurirana kukuru nebhizimisi rangu, shamwari dzangu, mhuri, uye vapi vekumba, ndakazopedzisira ndanyengedzwa, uye isu takabuda.

Candy Guide: Wakadzidza sei kuita chokoti? Wakatora zvidzidzo , kudzidzisa kune ani zvake, kudzidza iwe pachako, kana kuita kumwe kusanganiswa kwezviri pamusoro apa?

Art Pollard: Zvizhinji zvezvandakadzidza, ndakadzidza kuburikidza nekuedza uye kukanganisa apo ndakanga ndichivaka uye ndichiedza chocolatori yangu yakanyatsogadzirisa. Ndakatsvaga ruzivo rwakawanda sezvandinogona kuburikidza neraibhurari yangu yunivhesiti uye ndaitenga dzakawanda zvisiri nyore uye zvakaoma kuwana mabhuku. Izvi zvakandibatsira munzira. Pane misiyano yakawanda, zvakadaro, pakati pekuita chokoreti pamatunhu ehurumende yezvinangwa zvemabhizimisi kuitira kuti iite makira makumi mashanu nemakumi mashanu emadhishi emadhora ekuderera uye kupi kwandaida kuenda. Chinangwa changu ndechekubudisa bhari yakanga yakanyatsotarisa pane zvinonaka. Pano, ndaiva ndoga.

Pane imwe nguva ndakanga ndagadziriswa, ndakaenda kuEurope uye ndikadzidza chokoreti pachikoro che confectionary. Pano zvakare, chinangwa chakanga chiri chekugadzirwa kwemabhizimisi, saka saka ndaifanira kuunganidza zvandaigona kubva kumakirasi ndokupisa moto wangu. Ndakaita shamwari dzakawanda dzakanaka pandakanga ndiripo, vamwe vavo ndichiri kuramba ndichitaura navo.

Ndakapedzawo nguva ndichifamba-famba kumativi eEurope ndichishanyira zvose zveshokotikiti masitolo uye chokoti zvigadzirwa. Ndakaona izvi zvakakosha chaizvo kubva pakufunga kwangu. Chimwe chezvinhu zvidzidzo zvangu uye tsvakurudzo dzangu dzisina kumbobadzidzisa ini ndiyo nzira dzakanakisisa dzekutarisana nezvakawanda zvezvinetso zviduku zvinowira apo paita chokoreti pamwero mukuru. Kune nguva dzose zvinhu zvausingambofungi kusvikira iwe wakarurama muhupamhi hwayo, uye nenguva iyo dzimwe nguva inonoka. Idzi ruzivo rwaiva, ndinotenda, rwakakosha kudarika pandakaenda kuchikoro, sezvo raive rakakosha uye rinoshamisa.

Candy Guide: Pandinonzwa "chokorekiti factory," ndinowana zviratidzo zvaWilly Wonka. Unogona here kurondedzera faira yako yekugadzira? Iwe vashandi vangani? Wakatora kupi mishini yako?

Art Pollard: Purazi yedu yakanaka chaizvo. Pari zvino, fekitari yedu inenge 2 000 makirokita makumbo uye yose imba imwe chete. Takangotora chimwe chikwata muchivako chedu uye tiri kushanda pakuitora iyo yakagadzirwa uye yakagadzirira kuitira kuti tive nekuwedzera mukati maro zvakare. Apo patakatanga, takanga tine nzvimbo yakakwana yekuita chokoreti uye kwete zvakare. Zvisinei, ikozvino kuti isu takasimuka uye tichishamiswa, tawana kuti tinogona kushandisa chaizvo nzvimbo yakawanda pane zvataive taronga.

Pamwe pamasvingo, tinosungira mazamu makuru emashizha emakwenzi ecocoa, maocoa pods, uye nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana kubva pandinoenda kuCentral America uye kune dzimwe nzvimbo. Izvi zvinobatsira kuunza rumwe ruvara kufekitari yedu uye zvinhu zvakasungirirwa. Ndinoda kuita zvose zvatinotora mifananidzo, saka kune pfungwa huru yekugutsikana pakuona zvinyorwa zvakanakisa pamadziro uye kuziva kuti havana kutengwa asi ndezvangu zvisikwa.

Nzira yedu inotanga nekuraira kocoa nyemba pane tafura yekugadzira. Tafura ine chigadziko pamusoro payo iyo inotibvumira kuti tisimudze midziyo mumhepo kuitira kuti isu tigone kuidzikisa zviri nyore. Zvose zvekocoa nyemba dziri pano dzakagadzirwa nemaoko kuti zvive nechokwadi kuti masaga atinogamuchira kubva papurazi haana mazhenje, matanda, uye mapurazi mukati mavo zvinogona kukuvadza mitambo yedu kana kupinda muchokoti yekupedzisira. Tinowana mhando dzose dzezvinhu zvinonakidza zvakabuda mumabhegi emabhandi.

Kana imwe nyuchi dzagadziriswa, tinoshandisa bhiribha kuti tiende nadzo kumhepo. Takatengesa kutsika kwedu kubva kuPortugal. Kunyange zvazvo yakagadzirwa muna 1962, inotevera yakagadzirwa kare. Kutaura zvazviri, kunyorwa kubva mubhuku rekotikiti kwakabudiswa muna 1912 kunoratidza inenge yakafanana nemhepo. Iro cylindrical, mamita mashanu kumativi uye anenge mamita masere pakureba. Mukova mukuru unozarura mberi, wakasimuka nemuviri wemuviri. Mukati mune denga guru rine mamita mana pakureba, kwatinotakura uye tinotya checoa nyemba. Apo chitenderedzwa chikavharwa, ini handigoni kubatsira asi ndinofunga kuti rinoratidzika seRinot Star kubva muIndaneti Star Wars. Patinenge tichicheka maharia ekocoa, vavakidzani vedu vose vanogona kunhuwa kunhuhwirira. Nharaunda yedu inofuta sehovheni huru izere brownies. Vavakidzani vedu vanoudza vatenzi vavo pamusoro pechinhu chakanaka chavanosvika kuzoshanda.

Mishonga yedu inotevera, mhepo yedu yokugadzira. Icho chiri pedyo nechepamusoro pemhepo. Mushonga wokugadzira unokonzera bhinzi kuti ubatsire kuparadzanisa husk inokonzerwa nenyama yenyuchi. Mushonga wokugadzirisa unobva waisa zvigaro zvebhinzi (zvinonzi "nibs") nehukuru uye zvino shandisa gadziriro yekudzivirira kuti iparadzanise bhuti rinobva kure kubs rinorema. Apo nibs inobva mumashini ekugadzira, inowira mumabhati uye yakagadzirira kuitwa muchokoti.

Tinoshandisa melangeur (izwi rechiFrench rinoreva "kungovhenganisa" chete) kukuya nibs yedu muchokoti doro. Nokuda kweiyo isina kuiswa, izvi hazvisi kunwa newaini asi zvinongowanikwa nekocoa nyemba-zvakaenzana nekubika bharoti. Tinowedzera shuga pano uye vanilla. Ini pachedu ndinopa vanilla yedu sezvo ini ndinotora kocoa nyemba. Kana imwe nyuchi dzepasi dzave dzakasvibiswa zvakanaka, tinoisa chokoreti mu-5-gallon mabhakiti uye tinozviisa mumashini yedu inotevera, iyo gorosi.

Gomba rinogadziriswa ndiro guru rakakura umo mahedheni emagetsi anopindirana, achikandwa pamwe chete nesimba rakawanda. Isu tinoshandisa gorosi yekugadzira kusvina tsokolati ingredients kusvikira ichinyatsonaka. Vanhu vazhinji vanozviwana zvichifadza kuti kana chocolateti inobva mubhuku rinonatsiridza, haisi yemvura asi iine flakey, yakafanana nemarara.

Apo chokoreti yose yave ichipfuura nomugwaro wekunatsa, tinoiisa iyo mudura yedu. Zvinonyanya kukoshesa mhepo inopisa chokoti uye inokurudzira kana kuti zvimwe inofambisa iyo kwenguva yakareba. Izvi zvinobvumira huwandu hwemafuta anonyanyisa uye acid inoputika uye inovandudza kunaka uye kugadzirwa kwechokoti. Mamwe maitiro akabatanidzwa ekubatanidzawo anobatsirawo kuvandudza kunaka nekugadzirwa. Kugadzirisa chikamu chakakosha, zvinokosha zvikuru pakugadzira kunaka. Ndinopedza nguva yakawanda pfineji apo isu tiri kuungana; dzimwe nguva ndave ndichizivikanwa kuti ndivete ipapo kuitira kuti ndive nechokwadi chekugadzirisa nekukurumidza kwekushisa kwekodha sezvo inoshambadza chokoti kuitira kuti chokoti yekupedzisira iswedere kusvika yakakwana sezvazvinokwanisa.

Haisi yose rudo, zvisinei. Apo patinenge tazara zvakakwana, fekitari yedu inova inopisa zvikuru. Izvi zvakanaka munguva yechando, asi mukati memwedzi yezhizha, inogona kuva chiitiko chaicho. Sezvo conche inomhanya, acids (yakadai seAactic acid) inoputika, uyewo inoita zvimwe zvinokanganisa. Zvichienderana nemhando yehairi, izvi zvinogona kuita kuti maziso ako ave mvura, uye zvinotora nguva kuti uzvienzanise. Pakupedzisira, nemichina yose, fekitari yedu inogona kuve yakakura kwazvo, saka kupfeka kwekunzwa kwekunzwa kunomirire. Iko, pakupedzisira, basa rakaoma uye rakaoma. Panguva imwecheteyo, vashandi vekare vese vave vachishanda kwenguva yakareba kuti vave nekukwanisa kuumba mapira, girazi, uye mabheti emifananidzo. Chokoti ndeye, ndinotenda, hapana kunze kweiyo tsika huru.

Tine vashandi vatatu. Vaviri vedu vanoita chokoti, chetatu, avo vatakangoti tauya, vanoitengesa. Ini pachedu ndinotarisa rimwe nerimwe bhokote uye ndinogadzira mapepa atinoshandisa.

Nekupi kwatakawana mishonga yedu, yakawanda iyo iri kunze kweEurope. IEurope ine choko yekuita tsika iyo United States haina. MuUnited States, vashomanana vatambi vatsva vevakawanda vakatonga chokoreti yekuita kwemakore mazhinji, makore mazhinji. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, zvakaoma kuwana michina muUnited States nekugadzira chokoti, kunyange zvazvo magetsi ekugadzira zvipfeko zviri nyore kusvika.

Candy Guide: Kwakatora nguva yakareba sei kuti uende kubva pakugadzira chokoti pamusha kuti uzarure firiti?

Art Pollard: Handizvo, ndakanga ndagadzira chokoreti kwemakore akawanda kumba kumba kwevamwe shamwari neshamwari ndisati ndatotanga kufunga nezvokugadzira chokoti. Pane imwe nguva takasarudza kutanga kutengesa chokoti pamwero mukuru, yakava bherogame yakasiyana. Chokoreti rinonatsiridza kuti ndakanga ndanyatsogadzirwa zvakanyanya. Uyezve, chinangwa chedu ndechekuita chimwe chekoti yepasi rose isingashamisi, uye kunatswa kwechocolate kunenge ndakanga ndavaka pasina chaiva nekutonga kwakanyanya sezvandaida. Nemhaka yeizvi, taifanira kutarisa kuEurope kuwana mishini yatinoda. Yakawanda yemichina yatinoda yakanga yakaoma kuwana kunyange muEurope, uye kutsvaga kwangu kwakatora nguva.

Ndakapedza nguva yakareba ndichiongorora mitambo isingashandisi chokoreti chete asi yaizoitawo ruzivo rwakananga rwandinenge ndichitsvaka. Ndaizobhururuka kuti ndiongorore uye dzimwe nguva kunyange kuidza. Kamwe takawana mishonga yakakodzera, basa rakanga riri kutanga. Kubva ipapo, taifanira kutengesa mishonga, kuigadzirisa, kugadzirisa, kugadzirisa magetsi, uye kuitora zvose.

Taifanirawo kuwana chivakwa chakakodzera. Izvi zvakatora basa rakawanda pachako nokuti harisi chivako chese chakange chakanaka, asi kana tangoona chivako chatinofunga se "chakanaka," takafanirwa kugadzirisa nekugadzirisa kuitira kuti tigadzirire. Zvose mune zvose, Zvakagadzirirwa mujenya nemabasa akawanda uye mazhinji usiku husiku. Zvaive zvakajairika kushanda zuva rakakwana pfineji, ndokudzoka kumba uye kupedza nguva nemhuri yangu. Pane imwe nguva vana vangu vakanga vari pamubhedha, bhizimisi rangu pamwe chete Clark, uye ini ndaizodzokera shure kufekitari kwemamwe maawa akawanda emabasa.

Saka zvose muzvose, zvakatitorera makore matatu kutarisa pasi midziyo yatinoda, kugadzirisa mitambo uye kugadzirisa nzvimbo yedu. Ndine chokwadi kuti tingadai takazviita munguva shomanana, sezvo nguva yakawanda yekukanganisika yaiva kunze kwekutonga kwedu (zvakadai sekuda kugadzirisa midziyo yaifungidzirwa kunge yakashanda zvakanaka pakushanda kwatakatenga).

Candy Guide: Pane zvakawanda zvekutaura uye kutsoropodza pamusoro pekuti mashandiro emasipi anotungamirirwa nekambani makambani makuru, uye mabasa maduku emhuri ari kutengwa kunze kana kuvharwa kubva pamashalofu. Ndinofungidzira kuti sekutanga-up chocolate makagadziri, izvi zvinofanirwa kunge zvakakonzera. Iwe unosvika papi panyaya yekuwana kukoshesa uye kugoverwa?

Art Pollard: Zvechokwadi pachena, zvizhinji zvekutsoropodza ndezvechokwadi. Imbizi yemasipi, kunyanya munguva pfupi yapfuura, inoratidzwa nekutora. Iye zvino, inenge dzose mavhisi anozivikanwa anoitwa nechepasi pehafu yekambani makambani. Makambani mashomanana anotamburira anoramba akazvimiririra, akadai seJustBorn (Mike naIke, Hot Tamales, nezvimwewo), asi makambani makuru akawandisa uye ari kure. Ingotarisa kumashure kwepaki panguva inotevera apo iwe unotenga bhandi yemasipi. Iwe uchashamiswa neupi anonyatsozviita. Vaviri vedu vakwikwidzana havana kutengwa kare kare, uye ndinofungidzira izvo zvakagadziriswa zvakadai izvi zvicharamba zvichienderera mberi kwenguva yakareba, nekuwedzera kusimbisa iyo indasitiri.

Kunyangwe zvakadaro, kuchine nzvimbo yakawanda yekamuri mumakambani ekutengesa. Isu tose tinonyatsoziva nechokoti chokoti cheko kwese uko zvakasungwa zvitsvuku zvakagadzirwa. Munenge mutaundi rimwe nerimwe mune dare rakafanana neizvi, uye maguta mazhinji ane zvishoma. Apa ndipo apo makuru makuru emabhizimisi haagoni kumanikidzika. Havagoni kutarisira uye kutarisirwa kwekuchengetedzwa kwechitoro. Uyezve, kunaka kwakanaka kwema truffles uye mari-bons hazvigoni kugoverwa nemabhizimisi magetsi makuru majee nekuda kwebasa rakawedzerwa rinodiwa kuti ribudise uye shoma rakafura upenyu hwechigadzirwa.

Izvi zvinovhura musuo kune chiduku chiduku. Sezvo isu tine hanya, chinangwa chedu ndechokuti tingoita chokoti yakanakisisa. Izvo zvinopesana nehuzivi hwangu hwega kuti ndikure kambani kungova nechimwe chinhu chokutengesa. Mamiriro angu emapurogiramu akandibvumidza kuti ndione zvakawanda zvandinowana. Ndakaona kuti pasinei nokuti zvipi zvimbiso zvinowanikwa nekambani yekutenga, kana kambani inotengwa, hutsika huchashandura huchachinja, kazhinji kuparadza izvo zvakamboita kambani huru. Vakomana vanokosha vachadzingwa, vakumbirwa kuti vaende, kana kuti vakagadziriswa, uye mugumisiro wacho unoparadza upenyu; uye pakuguma, unhu huchagadziriswa. Ndinotenda izvi hazvina kunaka kune vashandi vakavaka kambani uye havakwanisi kumutengesi akavaka ukama naro. Ikombiyuta yePomp yakanga ine matambudziko akafanana: kambani yakaenda kwemakore mazhinji sekutarisa kune avo vatengesi uye zvavanoda kuti vawane nguva pfupi. Rimwechete Steve Jobs, mumwe wevangori vekuona avo vakatanga Apple, vakadzoka, zvinhu zvose zvinoshamisa zvakatanga kuitika (iyo iPod ingova imwe yavo), uye magic akadzoka.

Nezvekuti tinowana sei izwi, mhinduro yacho iri mune rimwe shoko: "hutano." Apo patakagovera chokoreti yedu kune vamwe, vakashamiswa nehuwandu hunhu hwatakakwanisa kubudirira-kunyanya munguva shoma yakadaro. Iwe unowana vanhu vasina kumbofarira chokoti yakasviba vasati vada chokoti yedu uye kwete kungovarayira kubva kwatiri asi zvakare kuudza shamwari dzavo. Ndinotenda kuti kana iwe uchikwanise kuzadzisa hupamhi hwehutano, hurumende inopindura-kunyanya kana iwe une shungu yakasimba yezvaunoita, sezvatinoita.

Vanhu vose vakave vachigadzirwa kwemakore nemishonga yakawanda, uye munharaunda iyi, chiduku chiduku hachikwikwidzi. Makambani makuru ane nzvimbo iyi yakavharwa uye zvichida nguva dzose ichadaro. Kunyange zvakadaro, ndinotenda kuti pane nzvimbo pamucheto wepamusoro uye mumakwikwi emakwenzi emichero apo makambani makuru emabhizimisi haagoni kukwikwidza. Kune niches dzakawanda kwazvo dzakasiyana kune imwe yekambani yekuzadzisa. Uyezve, vanoyera kubudirira muzviuru zvematani, asi chiduku chiduku chinogona kuverenga kubudirira kuburikidza nenhamba duku.

Iyo duku yakagadziriswa iriwo mune nzvimbo yakagadzirirwa yekugadzira. Sezvakangoita mukutengeserana, iwe unoona izvi mubhizimusi remapurogiramu, pane zvinyorwa zvinyorwa zvepurogiramu zvinogara zvichivandudza uye zvichifambisa mhizha mberi. Zvechokwadi, Microsoft inopikisa (kana kuti inotenga), asi ndiyo mashomanana mapoka ari kunze uko anokwidza envelope. Uye zvakadai seMicrosoft angada, hazvina kubvisa zvitoro zviduku zvishoma. Ndinotenda chimiro ichi chinochengetedza mhizha yekugadzira.

Verenga mamwe mibvunzo yekubvunzurudzwa: