Krisimasi inomirira zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana: ihotera rechitendero, asiwo mukana wemhuri yekuunganidza, kusimbisa hukama pakati pemarudzi. Izvi zvinokosha zvezororo zvakakosha zvikuru kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzeItaly dzakasiyiwa nevechizvarwa chechidiki munguva yehupfumi hwemakore ema1960, apo kusashanda mumapurovhinzi kwakatamira kumaguta ekuchamhembe kutora firiti mabasa.
Chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha zvekugadzirisazve, ndeyechokwadi, kudya kweKrisimasi, kana cenone , inowanzosiyana-siyana kubva munzvimbo kuenda kune imwe nzvimbo; muTuscany uye Emilia ndiyo nyama-yakagadzirwa, inosanganisira, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, cappelletti (kuchinja kweModenese pane tortellini ) mumakona emakona, uye gare gare iyo yakabikwa.
Desserts inowanzova yakasviba, uye zvichida iSiena ndiyo inonyanya kukosha: panforte, rudzi rwakasviba, husina kufara, uye michero yakawanda yakasvibiswa, chibatanidzwa chekudenga cheuchi, zvinonhuwira, michero yakagadzirwa, uye maamondi ayo anobva achidzokera kumashure ezvakawanda zvenguva. Zita iro rinoreva kuti "chingwa chakasimba," uye inobva pane imwe yekare, iyo inonzi pan pepato , iyo inoshandurwa se "peppered" (kureva, iyo yakasvibiswa) chingwa, kunyange zvazvo shanduro isingatauri chero upfu.
Nhoroondo yePanforte
Vakawanda vanoti inotangira mhemberero, uye kuti yakagadzirwa mumakore gumi nemazana nemazana maviri nemakumi maviri nemasere, Suor Leta. Maererano nenheyo, akawana murwi we shuga, zvinonhuwira, uye maarmond mumucheto wepice cabinet - mbeve dzakanga dzachera matanda mumabhegi, uye zvipo zvinokosha zvakagadzirwa nevafambi vanobva kuNyika Tsvene zvakanga zvisingapindirani.
Pfungwa yake yokutanga yaive yekuunganidza hutu muhomwe uye kuviga, asi iyo yakasvibiswa yaiva chivi. Saka akamira ipapo, achirova chikafu uye achishamisika kuti aite sei, apo pakafa gomba rakapinda mukicheni uye pfungwa yacho yakauya kwaari: Itai zvose pamoto uye uzviitire chimwe chinhu chinonaka. Saka akaita; shuga yakanyunguduka uye yakasimudzirwa, iyo yakasanganiswa nutswe, zvinonhuwira zvakasanganiswa, uye kuti zvose zvichengetedze kubva pakanamatira kune pani, iyo yakamutsa mune huchi, ipapo iyo yakasara yemamondi uye yakaisa musanganiswa muchoto kuti iite.
Yakanzwa kunakidza uye yakanzwa kufara kwazvo naiye pachake, apo kati, iyo yakanga ichiri kuputira kumurwisa uye ichigunzva, yakati, "Iwe hausi kuzoravira here?" Makati haatauri asi Dhiyabhorosi anoita; iye akaisa zvinyorwa zvepani pamusoro pake uye akachinja kuva maitiro ake echokwadi, achipera muhutu hunonhuwira hweutsi. Pakazosvika nguva Suor Berta, Amai Superior, vasvika kukicheni, kunhuwirira kwekumatenga kwakagadzira dhiyabhorosi; chido chekuziva kuti chii chaive nesimba zvokuti akakunda Wakaipa, Sista Berta akavira izvo zvakasara mupani.
Vamwe vanoti panforte yakakura zvakare: Nherera yakatevera comet ku Baby Jesu yakaedza kumupa kukwana kwechingwa chaaiva nacho muhomwe yake; Josefa akazvitora, akapa chimwe chinyorwa kune imwe shiri dzaiva nedendere rakanga riri mumabhanhire kumusoro, ndokudzorera zvoga kumukomana, uyo ane maziso azere nemisodzi paanofunga kuti chipo chake chakanga chiri murombo. Ipapo izwi rakamuonga, uye paakadzokera kumusha kune hovel yaakaudza naambuya vake vakawana vabereki vake, mai vake vaipenya uye baba vake vakapfeka zvombo zvakatsvaira, asi tafura yacho yakagadzirirwa pamabiko, nemapuranga akaisvonaka akagadzirirwa zvakapoteredza chikafu chinogadzirwa nemaarondi, uchi, uye michero yakawanda.
Hazvina mhosva kuti iwe unotarisa sei, pane chimwe chinhu chinokanganisa nezve panforte . Kwemazana emakore, kwakave nekusiyana kukuru, sezvo zvishandiso zvitsva zvakawanikwa kana kuti zvikavapo. Muma1820s, Pasticceria Parenti muRome yakaunza chokoti yakasiyana-siyana yakakurumbira kwenguva yakati, uye ichiri kutengeswa, asi iye zvino mhando dzakakurumbira ndiPanforte nero uye Panforte margherita.
Panforte nero isviba uye ine tambo yakaoma yakagadzirwa nemaarumondi anorwadza; inotsvakwa nevanodzidza.
Panforte margherita yakajeka uye yakanyanya kuoma, ine guruva remushuga we confectioner; Enrico Righi akaita shanduro muna 1879 uye akatanga kuipa kuna Queen Margherita, uyo akauya kuzotarisa maSaena ane mazita emakwikwi emabhiza eAnao pamwe naMambo Umberto gore negore.
Panforte Recipe
Zvinyorwa zvakawanda zvakadhindwa zvepa panforte zvibereko zvemabhizimisi akawanda - 50 pounds kana kupfuura.
Izvo izvi zvinogona kutarisa; iyo nhamba ye panforte nero inobva kuIt re dei cuochi, yakabudiswa isingazivikanwi naSalani muna 1885, asi iyo ye panforte margherita inobva mune zvakagadzirwa zvekare zvekare zveTuscan.
Zvimwe
| Panforte Nero: | Panforte Margherita: |
| 2 1/2 ounces baking chocolate | 1 1/2 makapu (180 g) upfu |
| 2/3 mukombe shuga | 1 3/4 makapu eshuga confectioner |
| 1 kapu pasi 2 maspuniki akafuridzirwa maarimondi | 3/4 mukombe uchi |
| 1/2 mukombe uchi | 1 mukombe mashoma 2 maspuniji mutswa |
| 4 akafuridzira maamondi akaoma | 1 3/4 mukombe wakachengetwa maamanda |
| 1 1/2 makapu (180 g) upfu | 2 ounces candied citron |
| Aine mutsara wepine nuts | 8 ounces candied fruit peel (machero uye zvakadaro) |
| 1/2 teaspoon. pasi sinamoni | 1/2 teaspoon pasi sinamoni |
| Inenge 4 ounces candied citron | Chidimbu chesespice |
| The grated rind yemononi | 1 scant teaspoon pasi coriander |
| 1/4 teaspoon pasi cloves | 1 tablespoon confectioner's sugar |
| 1/4 teaspoon pasi pepper |
15 mahwendefa (iyo inoshandiswa pakudyidzana; inowanikwa kubva kune zveliclicessessens).
Nzira Yokuita Panforte
Kana uchinge waunganidza zvigadzirwa, ramba uchiita seizvi:
Parboil the nuts and toast them lightly.
Kana uri kuumba panforte nero , shandisa hafu yemamondi nemaamondi anovava, svora zvese nemiti yemapine, uye wozobatanidza maviri; kana uri kuumba panforte margherita kuisa marimu pamwe chete. Didzai michero yakagadzirwa uye muisanganise uye zvinonhuwira pamwe nemiti, uye fungai muupfu.
Ita rakataridzika 9-inch mapaundi, yakadzika-ndiro pan nemafuta.
Uchishandisa mhangura kana ine nzara-pasi uye moto wakadzika kwazvo, shandisa shuga, uchi, chokoti (nokuda kwepanforte nero ) uye kugunzva kwemvura kubika. Ita zvinopfurikidza nehuni yehuni, uchichenjerera kuchengetedza musanganiswa kuti usanamatira. Apo sirasi inosvika bhora rakaoma bhora, bvisa mubhodhoro kubva muhofu uye inomutsa muchero uye muzinga musanganiswa. Dururirai batter inogadziriswa mukati megango, svetesa kumusoro nechepa rakaputika. Bika mu 300 ovheni yegumi nehafu kwehafu yeawa. The panforte haifaniri kunge yakaoma.
Apo panforte yakaitwa, bvisa pani kubva muchoto uye gadzira zvidha zvakanyanya zvakanamatira kumusoro kwayo.
Kana uri kuumba panforte margherita , shandisa shuga ye confectioner pamusoro payo. Shumira kupisa, newaini .
Izwi rekupedzisira pane panforte : Rinowanikwa mune zveliclicatessen kunze kweSiena (kazhinji marudzi aMargherita) muhukuru hwakawanda, iyo yakawanda iyo inenge inenge 1/2-inch yakakura uye 9 masendimita yakafara (1 cm neyenge 27 cm). Iwe unogonawo kuwana mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzinofanirwa kuratidzika mumahwindo eSiena's bars nemasitolo ezvitoro, ndizvo zvaunofanira kutenga kana ukashanyira Siena; Ndinokurudzira kuti utsvake Pasticceria Bini, mushure meDuomo, mumugwagwa unotenderera uchienda kubhabhistori (kubva Piazza del Duomo kusvika kuruboshwe rwechechi).