Prost! Kutengesa German Doro kuAmerica

Ndepi iyo Yose Yakanaka yeGermany Bheri?

Chero huwandu hwemabhiza makuru enyika inofanira kusanganisira Germany. Nhoroondo uye munguva dzemazuva ano, doro rakanaka nguva dzose rinowirirana neGermany nemaJermany, uye mazhinji emazwi akabatanidzwa nedoro nekudhakwa anoshandiswa munyika yose ndiGermany. Germany uye doro zvinoparadzaniswa mupfungwa uye tsika dzevanoda doro munyika yose.

Pasinei nezvose izvi, doro rinotengeswa kubva kuGermany kuenda kuU.S., rimwe remakona makuru emabiro mazuva ano, haasi maduku.

Kuongororwa nokukurumidza kwemashefuti evanhu vakawanda vanotengesa doro kucharatidza mizhinji yezvokutengeserana - Mexican, Canada, Dutch, Belgium, British - asi shomanana doro reGermany. Uye, nguva dzose, vamiririri veGermany vanotungamirirwa naPilsner uye gorosi yemhando yezvinyuchi uye chete kubva kune vashomanana vevakakurumbira vechiGerman.

Ichi ndicho chinhu icho Horst Dornbusch anoshandisa nguva yakawanda achifunga pamusoro. Dornbusch mutungamiri kuGermany uye nedzimwe dzeEurope breer brewers uye varairi venyama. Anoita bhizinesi rake kuedza kunzwisisa kuti nei izvi zvisingaenderani zviripo uye kuwana nzira dzekugadzirisa nadzo. "Ndinoedza kuisa kururamisira mumutambo," anodaro. "Ndiri kunyanya kumativi emapoka maviri. Ini ndiri parutivi rwemugadziri nokuti vanosuka muswe wavo kuti vaite bhiza rakanaka. Uye ini ndiri kumativi omutengi. "

The Great Styles of German Beer

Vangave vanozviziva kana kwete, kushayikwa kwechiGermany chinokwiwa doro mumusika weU.S. kunonyatsopindira kune vanoita doro ikoko.

Doro nekumwa hazvisi zvakadzika midzi muGermany, asi chirandi cheGermany chimwe chezvakanakisisa munyika.

Vazhinji vekunwa vekuUnited States, pavanoziva ne clichés vanobatana neGermany tsika dzekudya, vanobatanidza doro reGermany nevanowanzova skunky Pilsners vanoita kuti vave maGirasi avo eAmerica.

Havanzwisisi nhamba yakawanda yeGermany maitiro ewaini anowanikwa uye zvakasiyana-siyana zvebiya zviripo mukati mezvipfeko izvozvo. Panguva imwecheteyo, vanodikanwa vese veUnited States vanonyatsojaira nemaitiro mazhinji eBrithani mabhiza uye vari kuwedzerwa kufadzwa neBelgian style beer .

Izvi zvinopfuura kungopindira kuBritain brewers. Pasinei nehuwandu hwenyika yose seimwe yenharaunda yakawanda inokonzera bhiza, kutengesa kuri kuderera uye kushambadzira kweGerman kunovhara. Maererano naDornbusch, vanyoro veGermany vanowedzera kuchinwa waini, doro uye zvinwiwa zvinwiwa . Mumakumi matatu emakore apfuura vakaona kuderera kukuru kwehuwandu hwezvokudya zveGermany.

IGermany vs. US Beer Markets

Kusiyana pakati peGermany yemisika yemabhiza uye yemakethe yemvura yeUnited States yakawanda semagetsi sezvo iri tsika.

Iko basa rekushandura doro rinoramba richichinja shanduro yekuAmerica yeUnited States mune imwe yenyika inonakidza munyika yose ichiri kuendeswa nemapiyona akaiisa mumakore ekuma 1970 nema1980. Iyo inoramba iine hutano hwehuduku inoratidzirwa muzvinhu zvose zvebivha, kubva kuenzanisa michina uye maitiro ekubikira kune zvinonakidza, maziso ekubata maziso.

Kusiyana naizvozvo, doro reGermany rave rakatsigira pane imwechete yebhizimisi yezvizvarwa zvezvizvarwa.

Sezvo vekuGermany vanonwa zvakanyanya kuchinja shure kwavo kunwa doro kwevakuru vavo, iyo nzira imwe chete yakavimbika yekuita bhizinesi iri kukundikana mabhizimisi eGermany uye inoda kuwana misika mune imwe nzvimbo kana kurega kunwa doro.

Zvinyorwa Zvokudha Doro reGermany

Pane zvakawanda zvekutengesa doro pane kungowana pane imwe nzvimbo kuti uitengese. Kuita uye kutengesa doro munzvimbo yeGermany kunodzivirira matambudziko mazhinji asina kuwanikwa.

Dornbusch anonzwisisa hurongwa hutsva hwezvinetso zvekutumira uye kudhinda doro izvo vashandi vechiGermany vanotarisana pavanoedza kutengesa doro ravo kuvashambadzi vanogara makondinendi maviri negungwa. Zvinetso izvi zvinosanganisira kukanganisa, kugovera uye kutengesa, uye nyaya dzakawanda dzepamutemo dzakapoteredza doro rekutengesa munyika ino.

Dambudziko Nekudhakwa Doro reUnited States

IAmerican distributor system yakasiyana munyika yose. Dornbusch anoti iyo "chisikwa chisiri" kune vanochera mabhiriji kune dzimwe nyika.

Iyi nzira ndeyekusangana kwenhoroondo isingazivikanwi yedoro muUnited States: rudo rwekuda / huvengo hwehukama hwevanhu veAmerica vane doro kubva pakutanga. Ukama uhwu husina kukodzera hwakaguma mukurambidzwa apo kusununguka kwehurumende kwakaguma kwaita kuti kuve nekunyunyisa kwevanhu vaida kurambidza nyika kunwa doro, izvo zvakangoerekana zvichinyadziswa nehuwandu hwevagari vemo.

The Brewery's Tied House

Mukomana anonyanya kudikanwa weboka rinopesana nedoro nderokuti mitambo yezvipfigiso nemabhenji anozivikanwa semadziro akasungirirwa. Imba yakasungirirwa, iyo inenge ichiri mune dzimwe nyika dzakawanda kusanganisira Germany, ndiyo zvivako zvinoshumira doro uye zvinotarisa kune zvinyorwa zvitsva.

Urongwa uhwu hunowanzokura kubva pakubhadhara mari yekugadzira kutanga kwekutenga mari uye kupa zvigadziro zvekugadzirira kuvhura bhizinesi.

kubva pamatumba uye magetsi kusvika kune glassware uye kugamuchira mat. Izvo zvinoshandisa kuita capitalism uye hutsva hwekutumira hutsva hwekupera kwezana remakore rechi19 nekutanga kwemazana makumi maviri nemazana makumi maviri dzakapisa kutanga kwemahombekombe ekuAmerica akawanda aizotarisana nenharaunda yakatarwa neimba yakasungirirwa kumativi ose ekona.

Iyi dzimba dzakasungirirwa dzaiva mapako echokwadi ezvakaipa. Fungidzira nyaya dzose Starbucks chete dzinoshumira Coors, Budweiser, kana Busch uye kupi, neine wink uye kuninira, munhu anogona kupinda kumashure uko kubhejera, hupombwe uye chero zvimwe zvose zviripo zviripo. Izvi zvingangova chimwe chinhu chechiratidzo chekuwedzeredza chechokwadi, asi chakanga chisiri mukufungidzira kweProhibitionists.

Simba reVaparidzi Pashure pekudziviswa kwekudziviswa

Apo Chibvumirano chakabviswa zvachose chakanga chisingori kungodzokera kune chinzvimbo quo. Vatsigiri vemitemo vaifunga kuti pane inofanira kuva nzira yekudzivisa kudzokera kuimba yakasungirirwa nekuti yakabvumira zvakanyanya kutarisa nehuwandu. Saka, shandisi yekushambadza yakazvarwa.

Kuti ave nechokwadi, vaparidzi vaimbogara varipo, asi iyi itsva yehurumende yakanga iri itsva yakagadzirwa kuvaka. Yakave yakagadzirisa zvakananga pakati pezvinyorwa uye mutengesi uye yakabvisa mukana wekudzokera kune yakasungirwa imba.

Somugumisiro, vaparidzi vokuSouth America nhasi vanoshandisa simba guru; zvakanyanya kudarika makambani ekutumira chete ayo ari pedyo zvikuru nevatengesi vakaenzana mune dzimwe nyika. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, vanogona kudzora zvinonzi doro uye zvinodhaka zvinotengeswa mune imwe nzvimbo. Kuti zvipfeke mamiriro acho ezvinhu zvakanyanya, mitemo inotungamirira vaparidzi yakasiyana mune imwe nyika.

Matambudziko Ako Kunwa Doro

Tichifunga nezvekuvhiringidza kwehuwandu hweAmerican system, hazvishamisi kuti varimi vanowanzoda mutambi kana vachiedza kutengesa doro ravo kumusika weU.S. Apa ndipo apo Dornbusch anotsika mukati kuti abatsire.

Nzvimbo Yakashata Yokudhinda Bheri

Rwonzi rwekutaura haruna nyore:

• Iyo inokwidziridza iyo inopa bheri yavo kune mutengesi uyo ane iyo yakatumirwa kubva kunzvimbo yekuputika uye mhiri kumuganhu weUnited States.

• Anopinza mutero ndiye anopa doro kune muparidzi uyo anochengetera doro doro uye anopa kune vatengesi.

Imwe yenhamo huru iyo brewer inotarisana nayo muhurongwa iyi ndeyokuti vanosunungura kutonga kwechigadzirwa chavo kubva panguva iyo inobva mubhodhoro. Bheri yakachena ine hurongwa hwehupenyu hushoma uye hunovhiringidzwa nyore nyore. Mazhenesheni ayo anokwanisa kusangana panguva yekutengesa akakwana kutyisa doro. Dzimwe nyaya dzinogona kubuda ndezvenguva uye kutarisana nechiedza. Zvose izvi zvinoratidzika sezvinoronga kuparadza doro.

Kuparadza kushamba kwedoro kunogona kuita zvinokuvadza kupfuura kungoita maitiro mashomanana asinganzwisisiki, kunyanya kana chechi yacho isingazivikanwi.

Funga mutengi anoona mutauro weGermany unotengeswa mumasherufu ezvitoro uye anoitora. Kunyange zvazvo angave achitarisira kubwinya kwechiGerman chiitiko , anowana pane stale, skunky doro. Haana kuziva kuti ingave yakatanga sewaini yakaisvonaka yaaitarisira; iye anongobva kuziva kuti doro iri ikozvino rinotyisa.

"Dhizha rinoparadzwa," anodaro Dornbusch, "asi iwe unoona muparidzi / vatapi vasiri kupa musikana nokuti mabhizimusi anochinja. Chero bedzi uyo muparidzi ane anenge mamita matatu kana masere emashefu akashambidzika mune imwe chivigiro chakapiwa, anogona kungoita mabhii. "

Zvechokwadi, mutengesi uye muparidzi haafaniri kunge achida kunyanya kufarira kuchengetedza unhu hwebheri nekusimudzira marimi.

Kakawanda kwazvo, chinangwa chavo ndechokudzidzira purogiramu kubva kune rimwe chete bhizinesi panzvimbo yekuvaka ukama hurefu kwenguva refu newaini.

Zvechokwadi, Dornbusch anoti akaona zvipfeko kwete kungorasikirwa nekutanga kushandiswa kwewaini uye kusaona purogiramu kubva kune mutengesi, asiwo kugamuchira zvikwereti kubva kumakambani eUnited States kutengesa nezvimwe zvinhu. Anoyeuka rimwe doro rakagadziriswa mari inofungidzirwa ye $ 12,000 inoshandiswa kuva mutero we $ 5,000!

Chibvumirano Chinoparadzirwa

Rimwe dambudziko rinotarisana nevashambadziri vedzimwe nyika, uye vachigoverana nevanamadziri vezvikwata vachiedza kubuda pasi , ndeyekuti vazhinji veva 2 500 vanogovera muUnited States nhasi ndizvo zvinonzi Dornbusch vatengesi vatengesi.

Pasina hanya mukutengesa doro rekudhakwa kune vazvitengesa, ava vanogovera vachaisa chibvumirano nevashambadziri uye vanorayira zviuru zvishomanana zviitiko zvewaini. Kana imwe kambani ikasayinwa zvakaoma zvikuru kuvaradzi kuti vasiye muparidzi; zvisinei, mutemo unoita kuti zvive nyore kuti muparidzi aende. Saka vamwe vaparidzi vachazvipira nemaune marongerwo nokuisaini ivo pavanenge vasina hanya navo.

Iyi inogona kuva nzira yekudzivirira mitsetse yavo yakabudirira iripo, kana kuti inogona kuva iyo vaparidzi vari kumirira kudiwa kwechirwere kukura kunze kwekuti vaise chero mairi mukati maro.

Chero zvingave zvinoparadzirwa nevashambadziri, izvi zviri pachena kuti mamiriro ezvinhu anotambudza kune vanokanganisa.

Kunyange zvazvo zvakaoma kuvhiringidzika kuti vabude mubvumirano, vanogona kutenga nzira yavo yekubuda nayo. Mari yekutenga inowanzotarisana nenhamba yematambudziko akatengwa nemuparidzi, kazhinji anotenderera $ 25 pamhosva. Saka, kana muparidzi achibvumirana kutora zvitatu zvitatu zvewaini, mubhadhari anofanira kubhadhara $ 75,000 kuti abve pachibvumirano uye edza kutsvaga mumwe muparidzi uyo anogona kana kuti asingagoni kuipa mushonga mumwe chete.

Kune Shanduro Itsva yezvokutengeswa kweGermany?

Dornbusch yakagadzira mukurumbira wekuchengetedza mabhizimisi kubva pamaitiro akadaro. Kunze kwekuenda kumusoro-ne-musoro nevashambadzi nevatengesi pamusoro pezvinhu zvakadaro, arikudziridzawo nzira itsva yevanokurudzira kuti vawane zvigadzirwa kumusika weAmerica.

Kushanda nehurumende yevashandi vechishanu veBavarian , akashanda zvibvumirano nemutakuri uye mutengesi acharemekedza zvinodiwa newaini panguva yekutengeswa nekuchengetedzwa. Anodana urongwa hutsva hweCold Track. Iyo doro ichachengetwa yakanatswa kubva panguva iyo inobva kubhadharo kusvikira inorova mashefu ekutengesa.

Bheri rakaunzwa kuUnited States kubva kuGermany uchishandisa Cold Track system inotakura Cold Track trademark, penguin inotakura bheya. Ichava chivimbiso chake kumutengesi kuti doro richava mumamiriro ezvinhu akanaka ekudhakwa mushure mokuita rwendo rwayo.

Kunzwisisa New Market Culture

Kunzwisisa kweDornbusch yematunhu eUnited States neGermany ndiyo inoshandiswa zvikuru. Anokwanisa kutarisa nekutya kwetsika izvo vashandi vake veGermany vanwi vachasangana. Somuenzaniso, "VaAmerica vanotsvaga chii?" Anobvunza pamusoro pezvinyorwa zvewaini. Mhinduro ndeyokuti, chaizvoizvo: "Chiratidzo uye chimiro."

Ichi ndicho chimwe chinhu icho vaBritain vanokanganisa chete havakwanisi kuoneka kuti vanonzwisisa.

Izvo zvakawanda zvemuGermany doro rave rakabhurwa uye rinotengeswa munzvimbo yezvizvarwa. Vanhu vekuGermany vanonwa doro vanokura vachiziva kuti rudzi rwepi doro rinokonzerwa newaini uye chikwata chepa brand kana brewery muhombodo ndizvo zvavanoda kuti vaone kuti chii chiri mukati. Asi kunyanya kunya doro kunowanzopfuura kunze kwenharaunda.

Ichokwadi chekutengesa mumusika weUnited States hazviitiki kune vanopinda muGerman avo vakabudirira kutengesa doro ravo nenzira iyi kwemazana emakore. Havana kuona chero chikonzero chekuchinja ikozvino.

Kuparara kweGermany Inwiwa Kunwa

Kuchinja kunofanirwa kana vachida kurarama. Iyo inodiwa tsika yeGermany kunwa doro iri munzira yayo yekubuda, Dornbusch anoti. Paakabvunzwa kana iyi isiri nzira yekutenderera ichakurumidza kugadzirisa pachake, inopindura zvakasimba. "Haisi mhepo. Zvave zvichiita makore makumi matatu, "anodaro. "Haisati iri mhepo."

Per capita, doro rinoshandiswa rakadonha nemamita anenge makumi maviri nemakore pamusoro pemakore gumi apfuura uye rinoramba richiwira sevana vaduku vanodzoka shure shure kwekuberekwa kwevabereki vavo uye vanasekuru.

Makore makumi matatu nemashanu apfuura, 3,500 breweries yaishanda muGermany; nhasi nhasi 1 250 chete. Nguva yemberi inoratidzika seyakashata yevanoridzidzira chiGermany kunze kwekuti vanogona kupinda mumisika yekunze, tariro iyo vakawanda vavo vasina kutarisirwa kare.

Kushayikwa kwechiitiko ichi kunonyatsoratidzwa pane mashefu ezvitoro zveUnited States apo doro reGermany rinonyatsorongedzerwa .

Sezvakagadzirwa newaini uye zvinotengeswa kubva kuMexico, Holland neCanada zvinoputika zvakanyanyisa nzvimbo yekuchengetedza nzvimbo, muGermany doro rakasimbiswa mumisika zvokuti, nenyaya dzose, iri kutarisa zvakananga kune dzimwe zvinwiwa zvinonaka.

Sezvo nyika uye nharaunda yose yakabatanidzwa mukudha kwavo , iyo inonyadzisa iyo inotengeswa doro reGermany iri mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro mumusika wezvinyorwa zveUnited States.

Mikana Mitsva paIripo

Kana Dornbusch ane chaanotaura pamusoro payo, izvi zvichakurumidza kuchinja. Haasi kungoita chete kuti aunze zvimwe zvinodhaka zveGermany kumusika weU.S., asi anofanotaurawo kuti maitiro eGermany bheri achava danho rinotevera re US craft brewers .

Nezvishoma zvisiri izvo, maitiro emashizha ekunyengera doro muUnited States akazotevera kumabvazuva kumhiri kweEurope. Imwe yekutanga yakagadzirwa doro yakawanda yakawanda yeChirungu . Izvi zvinonzwisisika sezvo idzi doro dzakazara nekunaka uye dzakanga dzakasvibira zvikuru kumvura inomwa inotengesa mumusika weAmerica. Iwa idzi doro dzinodhura uye dziri nyore kuigadzira, dzakagadzirirwa zvebhizimusi raive kugadzira nzira yaro.

Gare gare, doro reBelgium rakawirwa. Bheri dzeBelgium dzinenge dzisingakwanisi kukuvadza panguva dzekutakura uye vanonwa doro vanovada. Iyo michina yakabva kuBelgium yakawana zvinyorwa zvangu uye zvigadzirwa zvemabhiza zvakapindura kudiwa kwekukura.

Nhasi, dzimwe dzese dzakanakisisa dzeBelgian-style munyika dzakaputirwa muUnited States

"Uye sezvakangoitwa neBelgian wave iye zvino, ndinofunga kuti mhepo inotevera ichava doro reGermany," anodaro Dornbusch. "Chiratidzo cheGermany chinofanira kuitika nekuti ndiyo chete yakasara iyo inogona kunge yakakura. Ndinonyatsoziva kana mutengi ari kukwevera iyo yeruzhinji pamwe chete kana kuti mabhizimisi emagetsi, achinge asvika pakatarisana nekuti vanoti 'Chii chatizoita?' "

Zvinogona kunge zvisingaiti mumwedzi unotevera, asi tsvaga mamwe maGirisi emhando dzemabhiza paSorofu mashefu esirivha. Pasinei nokuti inotengeswa kana kunyorerwa nevanokanda zvipfeko, kana iri doro rakanaka, mikana iHorst Dornbusch ine chimwe chinhu chine chokuita nokuisa iyo ipapo. Prost!

Originally Published: September 23, 2007