Bheri rave rakaputirwa kwezviuru zvemakore, asi kwete sezvatinoziva. Pakazosvika 500 AD, maGermany ainge achichera doro rakapfava rakagadzirwa nemashizha uye dzimwe nguva uchi. Kubata, sechingwa kubika, kwaive basa remukadzi.
Mamiriki Anoita Bheri
Makore mazana emakore gare gare, chiKristu chakanga chava nesimba chakasimba kuchamhembe kweEurope. VaMonks vakatanga kunwisa doro, pakutanga kune ivo uye gare gare kutengesa. Vaive vaine "Klosterschenken," iyo yakapa doro kuvanhu vose pasina mari.
VaMonks vakava vakanaka chaizvo pakuchengeta doro, zvakanakisisa kupfuura zvinhu zvakagadzirirwa. Izvi zvaive chikamu nokuti vaigona kupedza nguva yakawanda paunyanzvi hwavo pane veimba veimba vanogona uye pamwe nekuti zvivako zvemamende dzaiva dzidzo uye nzvimbo dzekutsvaga muEurope.
Mazana eMonasteri Akanga Aita Bheri
Pakazosvika zana remakore rechi12 / 13, mazana emamhonari ainge achiita doro. Vakatotenderwa kuti varambe vachiita doro panguva yenzara. Asi vamwe vose veGermany havana kurega kuita doro pachavo. Ikutanga "Völkerrecht" (kodzero dzevanhu - mitemo) yaisanganisira kuti doro rakawanda sei raifanira kupiwa kuvakuru (semutero kana kubhadhara), asi kwete kuti vanhu vazhinji vanokwanisa kuvhara - ivo vakabvumirwa kubereka zvakawanda sezvavaida.
Nemhaka yekuti vakanga vasingabvumirwi nguva dzose kuti vashandise mudzimba dzavo nekuda kwedambudziko remoto, vakadzi vacho vaizoshandisa bhavha yakawanda, iyo yaive nayo mazuva chaiyo okubika uye kubika chingwa. Kubika mabhizimisi kwakatanga nenzira iyi, uchishandisa nzvimbo yakafanana iyo, iyo yakakonzera kukudzwa kwevakuru vakatanga kutengesa mabhodhoro.
Mune dzimwe nzvimbo, maguta akabhadhara mabhii. Izvi zvakaita kuti mapoka ewairi uye "Grutrecht".
Grut Rights
Pamberi peGermany Doro Rinoyera Mutemo , maiva nemitemo inonzi "Grutrechte," kana kuti Kodzero dzeGruit, iyo yakapa ropafadzo yekugadzira doro kana kutengesa michero yekuita doro. Yakapa chirevo-mubati wekutonga mune imwe nzvimbo.
Iyi mitemo yakapiwa nemaguta, chechi kana hukuru munharaunda.
Grut (kana muchero) isanganiswa yemishonga yakashandiswa kugadzirisa doro uye kuita kuti inonaka.
Kutaura kwokutanga kwakanyorwa kwekodzero dzegut kwaiva muzana remakore rechi10 AD Kodzero dzakapiwa kumhuri dzepamusoro, makereke kana maguta ose. Dzimwe nguva maguta aiedza kuisa mhirizhonga yavo kunze kwemasvingo eguta, ayo ainzi "Meilenrecht," kana kuti kodzero dzemakire. Maira imwe yakaenzana pakati pemakiromita manomwe kusvika gumi nemana muMiddle Ages.
I "Meilenrecht" ndiyo yaiva iyo yakakonzera kusagadzikana kwakawanda pakati pemaguta uye nyika. Vakadana aya "Bierstreite" kana kuti "Bierkriege" - nyota yehondo.
Kushandiswa kwemahombodo kwakarambidzwa munguva yekodzero dzekudzivirira nokuti yakaputsa hurumende yegrut. Hops yakave chigadzirwa chakabvumirwa nekuda kwehupamhi hwahwo hunosanganisira kushandiswa kwayo kugadzirisa doro patsva pamwe nemari shoma. Ikokupedzisira kugadziriswa kumakumbo kwakabva kuCologne uye Dusseldorf (ona mabhiza emhando, Kölsch uye Altbier ) kuchamhembe kubvira apo kodzero dzegut yakanga dzaita kuti vanhu vane simba vapfumi zvikuru.
Kuvandudza Doro Mitemo
Muzana remakore rechi12, mutemo wekutanga unotaura nezvehuta hwepamusoro hwakanyorwa. "Wenn ein Bierschenker schlechtes Bier macht oder ungerechtes Maß gibt, soll er gestraft werden." Apo bhizimisi [muteresi] anoita doro rakaipa kana kutengesa matanho asina kururama, anofanira kurangwa.
Guta reWeimar rakanyora muna 1348 kuti mhuka nemarope chete zvinofanira kushandiswa kunwisa doro. Muna 1393, nekuda kwenzara, guta reNuremberg rakarambidza zviyo chero chipi zvacho asi bhari muwaini yavo, sezvo bhari risingagoni kuitwa chingwa. Pakazosvika 1516, German Reinheitsgebot yakasayirwa muBavaria.
Iko Hops Yakasvika Sei Kuti Ive Ichishandiswa MuBeri
Hops kukura yakatanga kutaurwa muna 736 mune imwe nyanzvi inobva Geisenfeld (Germany) uye kushandiswa kwayo mubiya kwakatanga kutaurwa muzana remakore rechi11, kunyange zvazvo zviwanikwa zvekuchera matongo zvinoratidza kushandiswa kwaro kubva pamazana mazana mapfumbamwe nemazana gumi.
Pamberi pewaini, hoops yakashandiswa mishonga kunodzivisa mitsipa kana sekumhanya. Yakanga ishandiswawo sejira. Iko majaya anotsvaga muchero uye mbeu yakakora mukuwa inogona kudyiwa. Hops ine makemikari anorwadza, ayo anogona kuita sebhakitiriya. Hildegard von Bingen akanyora pamusoro peizvi muna 1153, "seine Bitterkeit verhindert die Fäulnis," - kushungurudzika kwacho kunoderedza kupisa.
Zvakatora mazana emakore kuti huputi dzive chikamu chekutengeserana kwekucheka nokuti vaifanira kubika kwemaawa makumi mapfumbamwe kuti vagadzirise mazana avo, nguva refu kana huni huchishandiswa kubika. Pakupedzisira, hakuna munhu anoziva kuti hove yakava sei chinhu chinokosha mukudhakwa.
Hops inogona kukura muminda uye yaiva mari shoma kupfuura dzimwe zvigadzirwa, izvo zvakabatsira kuparadzanisa kushandiswa kwavo mukubika. Chiratidzo chekutanga chemahombe akakura pakudengesa akauya muzana remakore rechi12 kana rechi13 muNorthern Germany, kune Hansa breweries. Vakatengesa doro kuFlanders neHolland.