Waini Inobva kuBurgundy muFrance

Burgundy waini inowanzovakwa pamiti mazambiringa maviri, Chardonnay naPinot Noir, nenzvimbo dzemizambiringa dzichiita basa rinokosha muwaini yekupedzisira yehuni uye kutaura. Nzvimbo yewaini inofarirwa zvikuru yeBurgundy ("Bourgogne" muFrench uye pamabhokisi emabhodhoro, anonzi " Bor-gun-yuh ") akagamuchira oenophiles kwemazana emakore. Yakarongeka pedyo neSaone River iri kumabvazuva-nechokuchamhembe kwechikamu cheFrance, Bourgundy inotanga makiromita anenge 100 kubva kumusoro (pedyo neguta reDijon) kusvika pasi (iri kuchamhembe kweLyon), ichibereka pedyo nemabhodhoro emamiriyoni 193 pagore kubva 68 000 acres pasi muzambiringa munharaunda yakakurumbira yechilky, mineral-loaded soil.

Pasinei nenyaya dzisingatauriki mamiriro emamiriro ekunze, nhamba shomanana yenhamba dzekugadzira uye zvishoma zvishoma zviripo munyika yose, Burgundy inofunga nezvemashoko anotevera.

Burgundy yose inenge iri nzvimbo yacho. Kufanana nenzvimbo dzakawanda dzewaini yeFrance , zita renzvimbo rinotora kukosha kupfuura mazita emiti mazambiringa. Mazita ezvinyorwa, mavhesi uye madzinesi (vini vesi) anotonga burgogne wine label , isina zvishoma kubvisa mazambiringa anokosha mukati. Kunyange zvazvo murimi, mutengesi, uye mazita emunharaunda mavara pamahombekombe ebhodhoro zvinogona kuvhiringidza kune avo vasingatauri chiFrench, ramba muchifunga kuti Burgundy yakavakwa pamiti mazambiringa maviri: Chardonnay naPinot Noir .

Burgundy Wine Nhamba:

Burgundy waini yekushandiswa kwewaini inopera kusvika 61% mawaini machena, 30% matsvuku, uye 8% Cremant de Bourgogne (inonaka inotapira mazambiringa yakaitwa nenzira imwechete yakadai seChampagne ). Mutemo weFrance weAOC unotaurira kuti mutsvuku weBurgundy (aka "Bourgogne Blanc") inofanira kuwanikwa kubva kumuchero weChardonnay uye saizvozvowo zvose zvitsvuku zveBurgundy (aka "Bourgogne Rouge") zvakagadzirwa kubva kuPinot Noir mazambiringa.

Minor mazambiringa akasiyana-siyana anowedzera zvinonhuwira kune gungwa reChardonnay (achireva 46% yemiti yemizambiringa yeBurgundy) uye Pinot Noir (achizunungusa 36% yeminda yemizambiringa). Aya mazambiringa anotsigira anosanganisira Aligote (wechipiri yakadyarwa muzambiringa wewaini mutsvuku muBurgundy pa6%), Gamay (mazambiringa mashomanana anoisa 11% yemiti yemizambiringa yacho) uye Sauvignon, Pinot Blanc nePinot Beurot vhutori pasi pe1%.

Wine yeBurgundy Regions:

Kunyange zvazvo Burgundy inogona kunge iri duku kuduku, zvakanyanya kana ichienzaniswa nemuvakidzani wayo akayevedzwa, Bordeaux, simba remuganhu, kukanganisa, uye kukosha kwese muganhu wewaini inenge yakawanda. Burgundy inogona kubikwa muzvikamu zvishanu zvakakura kukura kana mahara kuti uzive: Chablis, Chalonnaise Coast, Mâconnais, Night Coast and Beaune Coast. Aya mahara maviri ekupedzisira, Côte de Nuits uye Côte de Beaune, vari pamwe chete vanonzi inonzi Côte d'Or inonzi yakakurumbira, zvinoreva "kutenderera kwegoridhe" kwekuwira kwemawere, uye inomiririra nzvimbo inonyanya kuzivikanwa yewaini yeBurgundy. Iwaini yeBurgundy inochengetedza rukudzo runoshamisa kuburikidza nekupa izwi rinokosha kune imwe nzvimbo inoshamisa ye terroir. Nyeredzi, dzisinganzwisisiki, dzakaoma, nyika-inotungamirirwa, uye izere neine finesse, Burgundy yemwaini nguva dzose inochengetedza podhigm yakakurumbira uye yakaremekedzwa yeClassic Noir naPinot Noir pasi rose.

Chablis : Inonyanya kuzivikanwa nehupenyu hune hupenyu, hunochera huni, yakawanda-cheka Chardonnay, Bourgundy inowanikwa nechekumusoro kweChelis ndeyewaini yewaini yakaisvonaka, ichirima miriwo yeChardonnay pamadziro evhu akaoma. Iwaini ivo pachavo inowanzotaurwa chete se "Chablis" pasi rose kana kuti munharaunda se "Beaunois" mutauro weBurgundian weChardonnay.

Chablis 'Grand Cru minda yemizambiringa inounganidza kumahombekombe egungwa rakadzika reMupata weSeinin, asi Premier Cru minda yemizambiringa inowanzounganidza kumaodzanyemba-akatarisana nematope uye yakadzika mumvura yakakurumbira yakachena, yakasvibiswa, yakafukidzwa neganda re Kimmeridgian ivhu. Zvinofanira kutariswa kuti Chablis's class classification inoratidzira yose yeBurgundy maererano neGran Cru, Premier Cru, uye Village (Chablis) mazita anonzi Petit Chablis akawedzera kune mazita ekubatanidza semugove wekutengesa, waini inopinda.

Côte Chalonnaise : Inozivikanwa kuti yakasimba, iyo inotungamirirwa nePotot Noir, ine simba, asi yakagadzirika yakachena yeBurgundy uye yewaini inopenya, yeCremant de Bourgogne, Côte Chalonnaise inokwira pakati peBurgundy mumupata weSaone River. Tsvaga mazita emusha weMercurey naGivry pamavara uye varairi vakaita se Domaine Jabot, Louis Latour, naFaively.

Mâconnais : Zvakanaka kududzirwa kupa imwe yenharaunda yakanaka yeChardonnay, Mâconnais iri murutivi rwezasi rweBurgundy. Pouilly-Fuissé ndiyo zita rakanyanyozivikanwa zvikuru muMâconnais, achipa mazambiringa machena ane akawanda eapuro uye peach, mamwe maruva anochera uye machero machirusi pamwe chete nehutsva, hune acidity.

Côte de Nuits : Iri pedyo nechekumaodzanyemba kweDijon uye inonzi guta reNuits-Saint-Georges, Côte de Nuits inobereka nyika yepasi rose, iyo inonzi Pinot Noir ine maitiro anopfuura 20 Grand Cru minda yemizambiringa. Zita guru minda yemizambiringa yeRoma-Conti, Chambertin, uye Musigny, kungoona zvishoma, zvose zvinowanikwa muCôte de Nuits. Musoro weBurgundian Pinot Noir line inowanikwa pano, newaini yakakodzera kukwegura kwema makumi emakore uye kutakura mabheji mana uye mashanu nokuda kwe crème de la crème.

Côte de Beaune : South yeCôte de Nuits uye ichiita imwe hafu yeCôte d'Or, Côte de Beaune inonakidza kuparadzaniswa kwema 70/30 kune vatsvene. Zvisinei, zvinowanzoita mazambiringa matsvuku (zvakare kubva kuChardonnay mazambiringa) anoita mararamiro avo nemafuta anorema akazara, uye pasiy herb undertones yakafukidzwa nepamusoro pearimi uye maitiro emuapuro. Iwaini kubva kuCôte de Beaune inounza hutano hwakakosha pasina kuparadza bhajeti. Chengetedza mawaini kubva ku Chassagne-Montrachet, Meursault, Pommard, Volnay, uye Puligny-Montrachet (mazita ose emumusha).

Zvivako zveBvinundy's Wine:

Kana zvasvika pakuputika nepakati nepakati pemiti yepamusoro-end yeBurgundian winesheni, nzvimbo yakakosha yehurongwa hwematunhu inotanga kutamba basa rinokosha. Zvinonyanya kuve kune hutano hwakanaka hunongororwa hunoenderana nemazita ayo anoshanda kune vose AOC Burgundy wines: Regional Appellations, Mazita Emunharaunda, Mazita Okutanga Cru uye Mazita Anonzi Cru Cru.

Nzvimbo, nzvimbo, nzvimbo - inotamba basa rinokosha pakusarudza kuti waini yeBurgundy inowira pachiyero chechikwata. Izwi rokuti "Climat" (rinonzi "Clee-ma") ndiro izwi reBurgundian rinotaura nezvemaitiro akawandisa ayo geography inowanzo muBurgundy's wine scene.

A Climat inzvimbo yakatsanangurwa yakajeka yevhu ine nzvimbo yakanyatsonaka, yakatsetseka, uye micro-mamiriro ezvinhu emamiriro ekunze. A Climat inogona kuva munda wose wemizambiringa kana kuti chikamu chimwe chete.

Iyo yakakwirira yepamusoro, inonzi minda yemizambiringa kana Mamiriro ekunze pane zvakasarudzwa paGran Cru uye Premier Cru mazinga. Misha yemizambiringa inotakura mazita emusha (kureva Beaune, Chablis, Corton, Gevrey-Chambertin) iyo minda yemizambiringa yakakomba. Zvakanaka zuva roga roga, mawaini ekupinda mukati uye mazita ekugadzirwa kwe "Bourgogne" anokwanisa kuwanikwa kubva kuminda yemizambiringa chero kupi munzvimbo yose yeBurgundy. Zvichitaura zvishoma, zviri nani munda wemizambiringa, zviri nani waini uye yepamusoro yehuwandu hwepamusoro (uye mutengo).

Regional Wines - Sezvazviri inonzwika, iyo yewaini yewaini yegaini inoumba hwaro hweBurgundy's classification piramidi, inomiririra zvakapoteredza 50% yewaini yakawanda-zhinji. Zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti pane imwe nzvimbo pakati pemataini nemisha yemisha, kune imwe nzvimbo ye "catch-all" nzvimbo yepamusoro iyo inonyatsotsanangurwa kupfuura nzvimbo yeBurgundy, asi kwete yose inowanikwa mune imwe musha. Chaizvoizvo, apo mashoma masuwa emunharaunda akabatanidzwa pamwechete nekuda kwehutano hwakafanana ivo vanogona kutumidzwa saizvozvi. Côte de Beaune-Villages muenzaniso umwe chete, unoratidza kuti waini inoumbwa kubva mazambiringa anobva kune rimwe kana mimwe misha iri muCôte de Beaune.

Mazita Okumusha - Kuyerera nekunenge kwakapoteredza 38% yeBurgundy yewaini yekugadzirwa kwewaini, aya mawaini anotakura mazita emisha kana emataundi mazita pamazita (kureva Pommard, Meursault, Mercury, Pouilly-Fuisse), zvichiratidza kuti mazambiringa anowanikwa mune imwe nzvimbo yemunda wemizambiringa nzvimbo uye kwete kusvibiswa kubva kuBurgundy yose. Pommadhi ndiro zita remumusha raunogona kuona pane bhotela, achitaurira kuti mazambiringa ose akasvibiswa kubva mumusha wePommard mudunhu reBurgundian reCôte de Beaune.

Mutungamiri Cru - Kukwidziridza mahedheni epamusoro echelons yeBurgundy yakanakisisa yaini ine 10% yezvakagadzirwa ndeyekudanwa kwekudaidzwa kweHarare Cru. Zvinoreva "Kukura Kwokutanga," Premier Cru inoreva mazambiringa akarerwa mune zviduku, AOC yakatsanangurwa uye inonzi minda yemizambiringa kuti ione nzvimbo inonzi terroir (inonzi "Climat" muBurgundy). Mazai anowanzotakura shorthand anoreva "1er Cru" chidimbu che Premier Premier. Aya mawaini akakwana kana yava nguva yekuputika, ivo vanobva vatanga mumadhora makumi matanhatu nemakumi matanhatu ekupedzisira uye vanoshandira zvakanaka kusvika mu $ 100 + yenhamba yepamusoro zvakananga nokukurumidza.

Grand Cru - Iyo inomiririra 1% yeBurgundy yakanakisisa yewaini yezvipiriso, ine minda inopfuura 30 yeminda yemizambiringa inonzi Grand Cru muCôte d'Or, Grand Cru wines anorayira kutarisirwa munyika yose. Grand Cru anozivikanwa zvikuru kubva kuBurgundy hapana mubvunzo Domaine de la Romanée-Conti iyo inogona kukumbira $ 5,000- $ 12,000 pamabhodhoro.

Wine yeBurgundy History:

Nehuchapupu hweminda yemizambiringa yakadyarwa nevaCelt pamberi pe 200 BC nemauto eRoma achikura mazambiringa achidzokera kumashure rezana remakore rokutanga, Burgundy yakazivikanwa pakutanga seyekutanga guru renzvimbo yekukura mazambiringa. Asi, kufanana nedzimwe nzvimbo dzakawanda dzewaini dzeEurope, dzakange dziri mahedheni eMedeval akakodzera kubhadhara chikwereti chekurima minda yeminda yemizambiringa kuburikidza neMiddle Ages. Kuongorora mazambiringa uye nzvimbo dzenzvimbo, nekukurumidzira kuona Burgundy, uye pamwe nekutonga kwemasango eharaunda, vatongi veBenedictine neCistercian vakashanda kuzivisa uye kutsanangura nzvimbo dzakanakisisa dzeminda yemunharaunda iyo. Iyi minda yemizambiringa yakakurumbira yakanga yakafanirwa kuva imwe yenyika inonyanya kukoshesa minda inowedzera mazambiringa. Kunyange zvazvo vachikudza maitiro nemaitiro evanhu, maitiro akabatanidzwa evaBenedictine neCistercian vatongi vakaisa zvikonzero zvakawanda zveBurgundy zvemazuva ano zvewaini.

Yakanga isiri iyo kusvika kuRussia Revolution iyo umiridzi weBurgundy weminda yemizambiringa yakatumirwa kubva kuchechi uye yepamusoro-soro kune vanhu vari muzvikamu zvevhu. Minda yemizambiringa iyi yaive yakaparadzana apo Napolean yakatsvaira uye yakarura minda yemizambiringa nekuisa kuti nyika yose yakagara nhaka inofanira kugoverwa zvakaenzana pakati pevadyi venhaka. Kusvikira zuva ranhasi hazvisi zvisiri zvitsva kuwana 120-acre wemizambiringa ine varimi makumi mapfumbamwe nevasere, vane zvishoma semitsara yakawanda yemiti yemizambiringa pasi pehuyo hwemurimi umwe chete. Izvi zvakaparadzaniswa zvakagadzira basa rekutengesa (imba inobatanidza iyo inotenga mawaini emunharaunda kazhinji nechemberi kusanganiswa nemamwe mazambiringa anobva mune imwe nzvimbo kana kuti mazita) zvakakosha zvikuru.

Kutenga Burgundy's Bargain Wine

Yeuka kuti haugoni kuwana "Chardonnay" pane zita reBurgundy rewaini, saka unotarisa nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzeChardonnay, musha, kana nzvimbo (aka "domains") mazita mubhodhoro. Chablis, Pouilly-Fuisse, Montrachet, Macon-Villages, uye Meursault ndiwo matanho makuru ewaini tsvuku inowanikwa muBurgundy's vinous landscape. Saizvozvowo kuongorora kwemazita emumusha weAloxe-Corton, Nuits-Saint-Georges, Pommard, Vougeot, Mercury, Vosne-Romanee, pane bhotela rekuvhara kuti akuratidze nenzira yakarurama yePinot Noir. Mawaini emunharaunda pamwe nezvose-zvakapoteredza "Bourgogne" inoratidzira paizere ichave iri nyore pane chikwama, zvinotevera ndiwo mazambiringa emisha anowedzera kuwedzera unhu uye unhu hwemari shoma shoma. Mutungamiri Cru naGran Cru vines kubva kune nzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana yeminda yemizambiringa inozivikanwa nehutano (uye yakagadzirwa zvishoma) bvunzei kubva kune vatengi maererano nemari asi vimbisa kuunza kubhengetera kufara mukudzoka.

Best Value Burgundy Vaiti Kuedza: Bouchard Aine & Fils, Domaine Christian Moreau Pere & Fils, Domaine Faiveley, JJ Vincent, Joseph Drouhin, Louis Jadot, Louis Latour, Olivier Leflaive