A Tarisa paCuisine yeTatu Basque Country Provinces
Nhanganyaya
Nyika yeBasque - kana el Pais Vasco muSpain - ndiyo imwe yeSpain 17 Comunidades Autónomas , kana kuti "mharaunda yakasununguka." Inova kuchamhembe kweSpain, iri kumadokero neFrance neGungwa reCantabric. Kurutivi rwekumaodzanyemba pane nzvimbo yeLa Rioja, kumadokero kweCagabria neCastilla y Leon, uye kumabvazuva kweNavarra. Iyi nzvimbo yakawanda ine makomo inosanganisira Basque Mountains, Cantabrian Mountains uye Pyrenees Mountains.
Vanhu veBasque ndivo tsika yekare, vasati vamboita hutongi hweRoma uye asi vanyori venhau dzakaitika vave nemibvunzo yakawanda pamusoro pezvakabva, uyewo mutauro wavo Euskera . Nezvekutungamirirwa kweGeography inopa maonero akanaka eharaunda yacho uye yeEurope yekare yakasiyana-siyana muchikwata chiri munyaya, Basque Country, A Geographic and Anthropologic Enigma.
History of the Cuisine
Kusiyana nehuwandu hwemazuva ose huri mukurumbira wekuti Basque cuisine inofarira nhasi, vashanyi vanoenda kuBasque Country muMiddle Ages vakaratidza mufananidzo wakasiyana. Vanhu vacho vaiva varombo. Chikafu uye gorosi zvakanga zvisingabviri, saka vakadya mbira, lenzi, nyemba uye michero. Kunyange zvazvo vaBasques vaigara vachifambisa pamhenderekedzo yegungwa, yakanga isiri kusvika kusvika kweNorse muzana remakore XI, uye mitemo yezvokudya zvechiKristu, kuti dzimwe hove dzakatanga kushandiswa, uye inobata hove yakakura.
Nekuwanikwa kweAmerica, vazhinji veBasques vakaenda kunyika itsva, vakapukunyuka hupenyu hwezvinhu zvishoma uye vachitora zvokudya zvavo navo.
Nekutengesa kwekudya kwekutengesa kwakaitwa, chibage, pepper, nyemba, tomate uye mbatata zvakabatanidzwa muchiBasque cuisine. Muzana remakore rechina reXIX Industrial Revolution yakabatsira kusimbisa muitiro wekurarama muBasque Country. Imba yeBasque yakanga ichangobatsira yakashandira vashandi vechiFrench, uye pakuita izvozvo yakaunza mamwe maFrench ekudya kwavo.
Munguva yehurumende yaFranco, chikafu cheBasque chakava izvo vamwe vakadana "stale." Zvisinei, mushure mokufa kwaFrancisco Franco muna 1975, shanduro itsva yekugadzirira yakaberekwa - Nueva Cocina Vasca (New Basque Cuisine). Kushandisa zvipfeko zvemaitiro, vatenzi vakasika ndiro itsva uye itsva. Mumakore makumi maviri anotevera, vapiyona vokuSpain vanopayona vakatanga kugadzira chikafu chitsva cheSpanish, vachiedza nzira itsva, uye izwi rokuti "molecular gastronomy" rakazvarwa. Nhasi yeBasque Country uye 'vafudzi vayo vanoenderera mberi kunakidzwa nenyika dzepasi pose nekuda kwekubika kwavo.
Tuths, Gastronomic Societies
Zvisungo ndezvorudzi rwechikadzi gastronomic society muBasque Country. Maererano naHarald Kocker mubhuku rinonzi Culinaria Spain, dombo rekutanga rakagadzirwa muna 1843 muSan Sebastian. Nhengo dzezvikwata izvi zvinosangana nguva dzose kuti vagadzirire kudya pamwe chete, kudya, kunwa, kupora uye kufambidzana. Vanowanzova nenzvimbo yavo pachavo nekicheni, bar uye imba yokudyira. Kunyange zvazvo hurumende idzi dzaive dzevarume chete, uye vakadzi vakokwa chete pamamwe mhemberero, vakadzi vakagamuchirwa zvishoma nezvishoma kune vakawanda, asi kwete nharaunda dzose.
- Web Portal yemitambo uye Gastronomic Societies (muchiSpanish chete)
Cuisines of the Three Basque Provinces
Aya mapurumende matatu eBasque Country - Álava, Guipúzcoa uye Vizcaya vane zvakasiyana siyana zvekudya.
Izvi zvinokonzerwa nejiji yeBasque Country, uko kune kusiyana kwakasiyana pakati pemhenderekedzo yegungwa nemakomo.
Álava iri kumaodzanyemba-kunyanya ruzivo rweBasque Country uye inotonhora. Makomo emakomo, mihombe mikuru uye nzizi dzinoyerera kuburikidza neAvava, asi haina nzvimbo yegungwa. Nemhaka yekuti "nyika-yakavharwa", vanhu vanodya mombe dzakawanda, veal nemutambo, zvakadai sa partridge uye zvihuta. Vanonakidzwawo ne perretxikos (rudzi rwehowa), masonna uye maruva akasiyana-siyana. Mbatatayi, nyemba uye mushroom kubva munzvimbo iyi zvinonyatsozivikanwa nehutano hwavo.
Zvimwe zviitiko zveAvava zvakaputirwa artichokes, patatas viudas mbatata yakanyudzwa muupfu uye yakabikwa, ndokushandiswa mumuchero; Llodio black pudding, zvisinganzwisisiki ropa resausages yakagadzirwa nemiriwo uye mucheki muduku, Goxua , keke inokonzerwa ne-liqueur ine cake ye pastry cream uye caramel sauce.
Álava isuwo nzvimbo inogadzira waini. iri Rioja Alavesa inharaunda yeiyo inozivikanwa yewaini yewaini yeRaija, uye inokwana anenge 21% yenharaunda ye Rioja Qualified DO.
Vizcaya ("Bizcaia" muBasque) ine mamiriro okunze ane simba uye anopfuura 80 km pagungwa paGungwa reCantabric. Inonzi "Capital of Bacalao" kana kuti cod cod, iyo inowanzochengetedza uye veVizcayan vane mazana emarepeti e- bacalao . Nzvimbo dzakawanda dzehove dzakachena uye zvigungwa zvegungwa reCantabric, zvakadai sevana squid, sardines, anchovies, hake (merluza), gungwa bream (besugo) uye clams zvinonakidzwa, pamwe chete nezvikafu zvakaita sevhisi uye yenguruve. Zvimwe zvezvinyorwa zvinoshamisa kubva kuVizcaya ndezvi:
- Cod a la Vizcaina - Bacalao a la Vizcaína
- Cod muPil-Pil Mucheka - Bacalao al pil-pil
- Kunonyorera muSuce YemaGreen - Almejas en Salsa Verde
- Baby Squid mu'Ink - Chipirones mu su Tinta
- Hake muSuvara Remavara - Merluza en Salsa Verde
- Mutsva Wemvura Yakachena - Marmitako
- Nguruve neIdiazabal Cheese Sauce - Chirwere chesvondo chinokonzerwa neIdiazábal
- Cream-Yakazadza Tubhu yaBilbao- Canutillos de Bilbao
Guipúzcoa ndiyo iri kuchamhembe-yakawanda yenyika yeBasque Country, ine inenge 90 km kubva kugungwa kuAtlantic Ocean, iri kumadokero neFrance. Icho chiduku zvikuru uye chirongwa chekusiyanisa - makomo uye gungwa, maguta makuru nemisha, mashizha uye zvekurima. Mamiriro okunze ane unyoro, uye inopisa, uye kunaya kwemvura. Zvokudya zveGuipúzcoa zvave zvichizivikanwa munyika yose, uye saizvozvo vane 'vatungamiriri,' vakaita sevanokurudzira Juan Mari Arzak, Martín Berasategui naPedro Subijana vose kubva kuSan Sebastián.
San Sebastián (Donostia muBasque) ndiro guta guru, uye rinozivikanwa nenhamba yakawanda yepamusoro yepamusoro tapas bars. Kuwedzera kune kuva nepamusoro pe 100 tapas bars mukati meguta, San Sebastián ine zvivako zvekudya zvakawanda neMicrored stars pamakiromita akare kupfuura rimwe guta ripi zvaro, kunze kweParis.
Zvimwe zvezvinhu zvinokosha zveGuipúzcoa ndezvi: vana mazai, maharage akawanda nevana peas and spring oei , Txangurro a la Donostiarra - yakagadzirirwa tsvina yekasi uye Atun eguna - salimoni kubva muBidasoa.