Zvokudya zveAfrica, kunyange zvazvo zvakasiyana zvakasiyana siyana munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzekondinendi, yakazara mumashamba emashizha anowanikwa kubva mumiti yemirau (yakadai sekassava uye yamas), michero isina kuibva (yakadai sebhanana uye plantains), uye, inonyanya kukosha, mbeu dzakasvibiswa.
Zvigadzirwa zvezviyo zvinowanzobva kunezvirimwa zvakasvibirika semashiripiti, teff, masora uye kunyange gorosi. Izvi zvinoumba chikafu chinozivikanwa cheS Sub Saharan Africa chinonzi pap, sadza, nshima kana ugali, pakati pemamwe mazita.
Maize
Africa yakanyanya kupararira yakawanda inozivikanwa kuva chibage, zvisingazivikanwi segorosi. Nzira yakakosha yekubika nokuidya yakaita sevhare, iyo inogona kuitwa seinochera uye inokurumidza kudya kariji, kana kuti mhuka yakashata yekudya yemuyo, iyo yakafanana mukusanganiswa kwe fufu yakawanda inoshandiswa, asi kwete segelatinous uye yakanakira.
Zvinonakidza kuratidza, zvisinei, kuti chibage hachisi choga chakaoma kukura muAfrica, asiwo hachisiwo chizvarwa kunyika. Iyo yezvokudya zvezvemari inotanga kubudiswa nevaPutukezi, uye maererano neMishamiso (1965), kunyange zvazvo ichikakavhiringidzika kana yakatangwa muzana remakore rechi16 kana kuti chakanga chave chiri chibage chakarimwa muAfrica, inowanzogamuchirwa kuti yakanga isiri huru zviyo panguva iyoyo.
Millet
Muchibage chisati chaziviswa kuS Sub Saharan Africa, mapira aiva iyo yakawanda kudyiwa zviyo munyika yose. Zvechokwadi, kusvika kumakore makumi mashanu apfuura, yakanga ichiri zviyo zvekusarudza.
Mushonga, kunyanya pearl yemarlet, inonzi inotanga muAfrica isati yatumirwa kuAsia. Zvechokwadi, maererano neNational Research Council, yakanyorwa kuti pearl yemapiro yakashandurwa makore anopfuura 4000 akapfuura muWest Africa. Mimwe mhando yemashiripiti inosanganisira fonio uye muto wemunwe (rapoko).
Mushonga unonyanya kukosha uye unopa zvakawanda zvakanyanya kuAfrica yezvokudya zvekudya kupfuura chibage chiriko, zvisinei, zvichienderana nekuwanda kwekutsvakurudza kwesayenzi nekutsvaga mukurima chibage, kushandiswa kwemasviti sezvo chikafu chikuru chave chakapfuura nechomubage. Izvi zvinosuruvarisa nokuti simiti inonyanya kukurira kunaya, inoda kudirirwa kudarika kudyara chibage uye ndiyo nzira yakakodzera yekugoverwa kwekuchengetedza kwezvokudya.
Teff
Teff ndiyo zviyo zvinowanzobatanidzwa neHondo yeAfrica nyika, Ethiopia neEritrea. Inonyanya kuzivikanwa pakugadzirwa kwemajera, muEtiopia flatbread iyo inofamba zvakanaka nemhando dzakasiyana dzemasero anozivikanwa sewaini . Hupfu hwehu teff hwakanyoroveswa uye hwakafukidzirwa kwemazuva mashomanana kusvikira inogadzira. Ichi chiito chekuvirisa chinokurudzira teff uye chinowedzera chiedza uye chimiro chechisikigo chechingwa kune chingwa, chinoita kuti mujekese chaiyo. Nhasi teff inowedzera kuwanika kunze kwenyika yaro yekuzvarwa, Ethiopia, uye iri kuwana mukurumbira mumusika wekudya usina gluten.
Sorghum
Maori dzimwe nguva anoshandiswa zvakasiyana-siyana semafuta, zvisinei, iyo yakasiyana yezviyo. Iyo inowanikwa mune dzimwe nyika dzakadai seBotswana uye inoshandiswa kugadzira pap kana kuti vasinga, inozivikanwa muBotswana sezvinoitwa.
Inogona kuviriswa uye inogadzirwa muvhu rakaoma inonzi ting.
Gorosi
Gorosi uye gorosi zvinoshandiswa zvinowanikwa muNorth Africa uye dzimwe nzvimbo dzeWest uye Horn yeAfrica. Nzira yakakurumbira yeiyi ndeyechikoma.
> Sources
> Chishamiso, MP, 1965, Kutanga uye Kupararira kweMafuta muAfrica. Journal of African History. 6 (1), 39-55.
> National Research Council. Masimusi Makarasika eAfrica: Bhuku I: Zviyo. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1996.