Chokoti yakange iri chinhu chinofadza, chakakurumbira uye chakakosha kwemakore anopfuura 2 000. Kubva pamasipi emashizha kunokisa mukaka, kofi kune mole, iko kushandiswa kwayo kunonyatsotarisa kumera. Vamwe vanofunga kuti chinonaka chinobata kuti chive aphrodisiac; vamwe vanotaura nezvemishonga. Ichangobva kuibva kuYunivhesiti yeSouth Australia, chaizvoizvo, yakawana kuti chokoreti kushandiswa kunogona kubatsira kuderedza dambudziko repfungwa yemwoyo.
Nhoroondo
Chokoti inobva kumbeu yecacao miti yakatanga mumvura inopisa yemvura yeSouth neCentral America. Vanhu veMaya nevaAztec vakatanga kushandisa mbeu kuburikidza nekuvamanikidza kuti vaite zvinonaka, zvinotyisa uye zvinorwadza. Mumakore ekuma1500, vatsvakurudzi veSpain vakadzosa mbeu kubva pakuenda kwavo kuSpain uko zvinodhaka zvekoti zvakava zvekuda kwevapfumi neumambo. Anenge makore zana gare gare, iyo inonaka inonaka - iyo yakanga yakadhura uye yakashanda nesimba kubereka - yakaiswa kune vapfumi mune dzimwe nyika dzeEurope.
Awesomely, ndiyo yaiva yekushandura kwemaindasitiri - uye kubudiswa kwemichina yekurocoa muna 1828 - iyo yakabatsira kuburitsa chokoti kuvanhu vose. Zvishoma kudhura nzira dzekugadzira yakabvumira chokoti kuti ive yakawanda-yakagadzirwa mune imwe yepamusoro, yakasimba. Kubwinya kwakasimudzirwa zvakanyanya apo, muna 1875, Dhanieri waNestlé waDenner Peter akaunza mukaka wakavhenganiswa kuti ugovhengana, zvichiita kuti "mukaka tsokolate" yakasvibiswa.
Nhasi, chokoleti chikamu chakasimba chepasi rose rezvemari.
Chocolate Chombo
Kocoo miti yakadukusa, "understory" miti inokura pasi nechepamusoro-denga re rainforest uko inogona kugona kuenzaniswa kwemumvuri, chando, uye mishonga. Nhunzi duku, dzisingasviki kupfuura musoro wepini, dzinonzi midges, dzinogara mumasanganiswa emvura inoparara, uye inosvibisa maruva ehocoo, iyo inoguma iine pods yakazadzwa nembeu 50 yekakoo imwe neimwe!
Zvinotora nguva, maruva anoonekwa pahocao miti mushure memakore anenge mashanu ekukura.
Kubva pamuti kuenda kuTabhenakeri Yako
Pasinei nekugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvekugadzira, mbeu dzekhocao dzichiri kukohwa, dzakabikwa-pasina mazai ebhanana- uye dzakaomeswa nemaoko. Kazhinji cacao inokura nevarimi mumvura inonaya mvura pedyo neyo equator uye inotengeswa kumakambani okushuroti kushandiswa munyika yose.
Imwe nguva iri mufekitari musangano wemagetsi, mbeu yacho yakabikwa, ndokubva yavhurika kusununguka kuti isunungure "nibs," iyo inogadziriswa kuita chokoreti doro (chisina kudhakwa chinodhaka chekoti yakasanganiswa nemvura). Zvadaro, zvichienderana nechigadzirwa chekupedzisira, doro rinosanganiswa nemukaka uye shuga uye kuwedzerwa kocoa bhotela, uye kunonatswa mukugadzira.
Kusiyana kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvekodao zvinosanganiswa kuita zvitsva zvinonaka uye zvinonaka, zvakadai sechokoti inotapira, inosvika 35% yewachoseti yakasviba, chokoti yakasviba, iyo ine 15% kusvika 35% inodhaka, uye yakasanganiswa mukaka, ine zvishoma pasi pe15% doro. Chokoti yakachena ine cocoa bhotela, asi hapana chokoti inodhaka.
Kazhinji chokoti inobva pamhando mitatu yakasiyana-siyana yekodao-forastero (iyo inokwana 90% yehokotiro renyika), criollo (zvakaoma kukura asi ine inonhuhwirira yakawanda kupfuura yeasastero) uye trinitario (kusanganiswa kweforastero andcriollo).
Zvinosuruvarisa, huwandu hwehokodhi yanhasi huchiri kukura pa "masimwa ezuva," akacheneswa, masango asina kusimbiswa anowedzera kukura uye anogadzira kakao yakawanda kwenguva pfupi. Kubviswa kwemahombekombe kunokanganisa kukaka kwechicao mumiti, asi kunokanganisa hutano hwakanaka hwemvura. Pamusoro pezvo, cacao miti yakakura pamasimwa ezuva inonyanya kufanana nezvipembenene uye inoda kushandiswa kwemishonga inouraya nehutereji.
Nenzira inofadza, kukura kwekakoo kwakachengetwa kunoitika munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzemvura. Kune zvakawanda zvakabatsiri kusanganisira mari yakawanda kubva kunezvirimwa zvakasiyana-siyana, kuderedza kushandiswa kwemajeri, uye kugadziriswa kwemuti kwenguva refu.
Health Benefits
Iko kune makemikari anopfuura 300 muchokoti, uye masayendisiti ari kugara achiwana ruzivo rutsva pamusoro pavo uye kuti vanoshanda sei mumuviri womunhu.
Mayo kliniki inodzidza, somuenzaniso, akawana kuti chokoti ine stearic acid, iyo inotakura mafuta isina kuwedzera yeLDL cholesterol. Imwe tsvakurudzo yakataura nezve antioxidant zvinokonzerwa neshokotiro yakasviba pamwe chete nemafungiro ake-kusimudza zvinhu. Zvokudya zvinovaka muviri, 1.5-ounce inoshandiswa mukaka chokoleti ine makiromita anenge matatu emapurotini, uye shoma duku ye riboflavin, calcium, uye iron. 100 magamu ecocoa ane 13,120 oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), chiyero che antioxidant simba. Antioxidants ine mikana yekuvandudza hutano huripo, dzinonoka kutanga kwezvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvezera, kuderedza dambudziko revamwe kanzira, kuvandudza mwoyo yemwoyo, nezvimwewo.
Zvimwe pamusoro peKokoleti uye Chiguniti Chebasa
Kudya chokoleti kunogona kutibatsira kuti tirambe takapinza mukukwegura, maererano nekuongorora, kwakabudiswa mumagazini inonzi Hypertension. Chidzidzo chacho chakaedza pfungwa yokuti zvokudya zvinosanganisa (kubva muchokoti) zvinogona kuvandudza kugadzirisa maitiro muvanhu vakwegura vane dzidziso dzine hutano husingaoneki (MCI), iyo inogona kusanganisira kuoma nekuyeuka, mutauro, kufunga, kana kutonga.
Vatsvakurudzi vakawana kuti avo vaidya zvakakwirira kana kuti zvisinganzwisisiki zvecocoa flavanols kwemwedzi miviri zvakagadziridzwa zvikuru pane zvimwe zviongororwo zvidzidzo zvekuongorora, pamwe nekuderera kwekuchengetedzwa kwe insulin, kureva kuwedzerwa kwekugadzirisa kwega shuga, pamwe chete nekuvandudzwa kwehuwandu hweropa, zvichienzaniswa ne avo vaidya zvishoma zvishoma.
Flavanols rudzi rwer flavonoid, phytochemical kana michero yemichero inobatanidza nehuwandu hwehutano hwecocoa. Flavonoids inowanikwawo mumichero yakawanda yakavezwa yakavezwa uye miriwo; zvidzidzo zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoratidza kuti flavonoids inewo-anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, uye anti-kenza basa.
Chokoti uye Ropa Rako
A meta-analysis, yakabudiswa muThe Cochrane Library, yakatarisa dhiyabhorosi kubva kuongororo makumi maviri yakabudiswa mumakore gumi apfuura, uye yakawana kuti avo vaidya flavolol-rich-cocoa michero zuva rega rega, kwemavhiki mashomanana, vakaona ropa ravo rinodonha nevana vaviri kana zvikamu zvitatu, izvo, pamwe chete nehuwandu hwekudya zvine hutano nemaitiro ehupenyu zvinogona kuita kusiyana kukuru kune utano hwako.
Mamwe Makomborero Ehutano Hweutano
Kuongorora kwakagadziriswa uye kuongorora maitiro ekudzora, kutanga kubudiswa muna kugoverwa kwa2011, ndokuteverwa neimwe dzidzo yakabudiswa muAmerican Journal of Clinical Nutrition munaJanuary wegore rino, "yakaongorora mhinduro ye flavonoid-rich cocoa nezvose zvikuru mwoyo yepfungwa ngozi. " Zvakawanikwa zvekudzokororwa kwemapepanhau makumi maviri nemaviri nevane nhengo 1106, sezvakataurwa mubhuku rinonzi Journal of Nutrition, vakaratidza kuti kudhakwa kwecocoa kwakagadzirisa kushanda kweropa, insulin kudzivisa, lipid profiles uye kufamba-medicated vascular dilation. Top line? Zvose zvinoratidzika zvakanaka zvakanaka pamwoyo yedu yemagetsi. Uye semugumisiro, pane nguva yakawanda yezvinyorwa zvitsva touting chokoti sezvinodiwa zvekupedzisira.
Chokoti yeBongo Health
Kutsvakurudza kubva kuChechi University of Psychology uye Clinical Language Sciences muUnited States yakawana kuti kudya kocoa flavanols kunogona kuvandudza zvimwe ziso neuropi. Chidzidzo chacho chakatarisa kunyanya kudya kwecocoa flavanols ndokuzoongorora zvidzidzo zvemashoko uye kugona kwekuita uye akawana kuti zvose zviri zviviri zvakavandudzwa.
Ramba Uchifunga
Zvimwe zvakasiyana-siyana zvekutsvakurudza izvo zvinoratidza kuti kakawanda mararamiro akawanda ehutano ari kuvimbisa hutano hwakanaka, asi zvakakosha kunzwisisa kuti haisi yetikiti yose yakagadzirwa yakaenzana. Kunyange zvazvo chokoti yose ine mamwe flavonoids, zvishoma zvinoshandiswa chocolate tsvuku nekhocoo zvinokwira kumusoro kwe70% ndiyo yako yakanakisisa sarudzo. Iyo yakakwirira yezana recocoa, iyo yakawanda flavanols uye antioxidants iyo ine. Iwe unogonawo kutenga cacao kana kocoa powder inogona kushandiswa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana.
Kuzviisa mukutarisa, kuti uwane hutano hwemwoyo kubva kucocoa flavanols iwe unofanirwa kudya 33 mukakati wekatekiti masikati pazuva! Mashoko akanaka? Kushandura kune chocolate yakasviba zvinongoreva kudya zviyo zvisere kusvika mapfumbamwe zuva nezuva. Wink, wink!
Gara uchiyeuka kuti shuga yehuti yako yekoti yega inogadzirisa zvakasiyana-siyana-saka funga nezvekuwedzera zvishoma zvinokonzerwa necocoa powder kuti smoothies, plain yogurt, mangwanani ako oatmeal kana cottage cheese, uye hey sei usingaiti chicken mole, chimiro cheMexico ndiro iyo inosanganisira sauce yakaitwa necocoa powder. Kana iwe unogona kuedza kuita chocolate pudding ne banana mashed, avocado, kocoa powder uye mamwe mazuva kana stevia.
Zvose, kupedza chokoreti kana zvishoma zvichishandurwa uye zvakachena, zvinogona kuwedzera mararamiro akawanda ezvehutano kune zvaunogara uchiita.