Zvokuchengetedza Zvokudya Mashoko

Zvokudya kuchengetedzwa ndiyo inonyanyokosha pakubika. Hazvina basa kuti zvinonaka sei kana zvakaoma mapeji ako ndeaya: kana chikafu chichiita kuti vanhu varware nemhaka yekubika kana kusabata zvisina kukodzera, zvose zvamunoita zvichaparara. Iwe haugone kuudza kana zvokudya zvakachengeteka kuti udye nemaitiro ayo anotaridzika kana kuti anofarira. Kuchengetedza kwakakodzera, kubika nekugadzirisa ndiyo nzira chete dzekuchengetedza zvokudya zvakachengeteka.

Zvokuchengetedza Zvokudya Mashoko

Iyo USDA inoshandisa mazwi mana akareba kukubatsira iwe kuyeuka mitemo yekuchengetedza kudya.

Iko Cook, Yakaparadzaniswa, Yakachena, Chill . Ngatitangei kudzidza nezvega rega rega.

• Ita zvokudya kune chekuchengetedza mukati memhepo inopisa kuti uparadze mabhakitiriya ose anokuvadza. Kuchengetedzwa kwenyika nyama kwave kuchange kuchiwana zvakawanda, uye nechikonzero chakanaka. Apo nyama yakasvibiswa, mabhakitiriya aripo pamusoro, kakawanda E. coli kana Salmonella, inosanganiswa yose mumusanganiswa wevhu. Kana iyi iyo nyama isina kubikwa kusvika 160 kusvika 165 degrees, mabhakitiriya haazoparadzwi uye pane mukana wakanaka iwe ucharwara. Ad ita nechokwadi chokuti uri kushandisa thermometer zvakarurama! Nokuda kwezvokudya zvepati zvakagadzirwa kubva kune nyama yevhu, inzai thermometer kubva paZIMI yebasa, kwete kubva kumusoro, uye iva nechokwadi chekuti chinonzi thermometer chinopinda pakati pe nyama.

  Iyo mukati mezvikamu zvakasimba zve nyama zvakadai sedakiti uye zvimedu hazvina mabhakitiriya ane ngozi, saka zvinogona kubikwa zvisingasviki. Kunyange zvakadaro, chero ipi zvayo yenyuchi inodzwa inofanira kubikwa kune mukati mekushisa kwemasvondo anodarika 145 (medium rare). Kupisa kwakachengeteka kwehukuku zvika 180 degrees. Uye kupora kwakasimba kwegorosi kunofanira kubikwa kusvika kune digrii 160. Mazai anofanira kunyatsogadzirwa. (Nhamo - mazai pamusoro pezvakanaka haafaniri kukubatsira iwe zvakare!) Kana uri kuita meringue kana imwe mhete inoshandisa mazai asina kuvharwa, kutenga mazai anonyanya kudyiwa kana kushandiswa kwakagadzirwa meringue powder.

• Ndakangodzidza kubva kune vashomanana vevadzidzisi vangu paYunivhesiti yeMinnesota, nei chicken isingagoni kurapwa zvakafanana nenyama tsvuku. Nyuchi inofanira kubikwa zvakakwana, iyo yose inopinda, isisina pinkness, uye inopisa mukati me 170 ° digiri F. F. Nyama nyama hairei kudarika nyama yenzombe kana yenguruve, uye zviri nyore kwazvo kuti mabhakitiriya aende nenyama. Uyezve, kugadzira huku kwekukuvadza kunowedzera kusanganisa kudarika kushandura mombe kana nyama yenguruve, uye mabhakitiriya anowanzopararira mukati membeu yose. Saka yeuka, huku huri kubikwa kuti uite zvakanaka.

  Heino mashoko kubva kuA USDA: "Vashandi vane mibvunzo yekuchengeteka kwezvokudya vanogona kutumira foni yeAIDSA Meat uye Nehokwe yeHuchi pa 1-800-535-4555.Indaneti inogona kuwanikwa kubva 10am kusvika 4 pm (Eastern Time) Muvhuro kusvika Chishanu , uye yakanyorwa zvinyorwa zvekuchengetedza kudya zviripo maawa makumi maviri nemazuva. "

• Ita zvokudya zvakabikwa uye zvisina kudya, pamwe nekudya zvakadyiwa zvakasvibiswa uye izvo zvakabikwa usati wadya. Kusvibiswa kwepamuchinjikwa kunowanikwa apo nyama yakasvibira kana mazai inosangana nezvokudya zvingadyiwa zvisingabvi. Ichi ndicho chikonzero chikuru chekudya chepfu. Ndinogara ndichivhara zvikafu zvakasvibirira uye ndozviisa panzvimbo yakaderera pane firiji saka hapana nzira yemvura inogona kukonzera michero itsva. Shandisai nyama yakasvibiswa mukati mezuva remazuva maviri ekutenga, kana kuisa fodya kwenguva refu.

  Kana uchinge uchibika kana kubika nyama yakasvibirira kana hove, iva nechokwadi chekushandisa ndiro yakachena kuti uchengetedze kudya shure kwekubika. Usashandisa ndiro imwechete yawaimbova nayo kutakura chikafu chisina kubuda kune grill! Iniwo ndinoshambidza tongu dzinoshandiswa mukucheka mushure mekunge zvokudya zvashandurwa kwenguva yekupedzisira pane grill, pamwe chete nema spatula nemapuni zvinoshandiswa pakutsvaga-kusvuta kana kushandura nyama sekubika.

  Iva nechokwadi chekushambidza maoko ako mushure mokubata nyama yakasvibirika kana mazai mavara. Apo ini ndichiona mucheki kana mupiki paTV kuvepa kuratidza kubata nyama yakasviki kana mazai akakuvara, achizopukuta mavoko ake pachigadziko pamberi pokugadzira saladi kana michero itsva, ndinongotya. Zvakakosha kushambidza maoko ako nesipo nemvura kana premoistened antibacterial towelette mushure mekunge wabata nyama yakasvibira kana mazai akakuvadza kuti usapinda-kusvibiswa.

Enda kune peji rinotevera kuti udzidze nezvekuchenesa uye kupisa.

Iye zvino zvaunonzwisisa nezvekubika zvokudya zvakanaka nekuparadzanisa zvinhu zvakabikwa uye zvisina kubikwa zvose uye mushure mokubika, inguva yekuenderera mberi kune maviri maviri ekupedzisira.

• Kuchenesa chikamu chinokosha chekuchengeteka kwezvokudya. Shamba maoko ako uye nheyo dzebasa nguva dzose paunenge uchibika uye mushure mokunge uchinge warova mhino yako, wakanga uri muimba yekugezera, wakabata pfu, kana kuti wakashandura chidimbu. Sipu yakasakara yakare uye mvura inoshanda zvikuru. Kana uchitamba zvishoma nezvishoma ndima ye "Happy Birthday To You" paunenge uchishambidza maoko ako, uchange wakavashambidza kwenguva yakareba. Kana uri kubika kune mumwe munhu ane pamuviri, achiri muduku kana kuti mukuru, ane chirwere chisingaperi, kana shanduko yakagadzirisa zvirwere zvemuviri, sarudza sese ine unhu hukuru hwemagadzirirwo evanhu.

  Ndinoshambidza maoko angu makumi mana makumi matatu nemakumi matatu apo ini ndiri kubika, uye nzvimbo dzangu dzebasa dzinocheneswa izvo kazhinji zvakare. Ndinoshamba nembambo, zviyo, uye spatula mushure mekunge vabata nyama isina kudya kana mazai. Ndinoshandisa kushandisa pape r tirasi yekuomesa maoko angu uye mapazi angu. Vanorasikirwa nyore nyore uye havatakuri mabhakitiriya kune imwe nzvimbo. Iyo tsika inogona kunge isina nzvimbo yakashata, asi ini ndichiri kuzviita - uye hapana munhu akambodya zvokudya zvekupisa chekudya kumba kwangu.

  Imwe nzira iri nyore yekudzivirira kupera-kusvibisa ndeyokushandisa ndiro yakakura kuderedza nyama yakasvibirira. Mushure mekunge nyama yakagadzirwa uye iri kubika, ingoisa ndiro iyo chaiyo muzvinosuka, pamwechete nemidziyo inoshandiswa kugadzira nyama.

• Chilling zvokudya zvakakosha zvikuru. Nzvimbo yengozi apo mabhakitiriya akadai seE E. coli neSalmonella anowedzera ari pakati pe40 ne 140 ° Fahrenheit. Firiji yako inofanira kuiswa kune 40 degrees Fahrenheit kana pasi; firiji yako inofanira kunge iri ma 0 degrees Fahrenheit kana pasi. Heino murairo uri nyore: kushumira zvokudya zvinopisa, zvinotonhora zvokudya zvinotonhora . Shandisa chafing ndiro kana mahwendefa anopisa kuti uchengetedze zvokudya paunoshumira. Shandisa mabhati ewaini kuti uchengetedze zvokudya zvinotonhora zvinotonhora. Usamborega chero chikafu chipi nechipi chichigara pakushambidzwa kwemaawa kwemaawa maviri - 1 awa kana inenge yechando yakadzika iri 80 degrees Fahrenheit kana kupfuura.

  Paunenge uchitakura pikiniki, iva nechokwadi chokuti zvokudya zvatove zvakanyungudutswa pavanopinda mune zvakasvibiswa. Izvo zvinokanganisa hazvizogadziri zvokudya - zvinoita kuti zvokudya zvive zvinotonhora kana zvakanyatsokonzerwa nechando. Zvokudya zvinopisa zvakagadzirwa zvinofanira kuiswa mumumvuri usina kudzika, zvakaputirwa, uye pakarepo firiji kuitira kuti dzifure nokukurumidza.

Heano mamwe mazano anokosha pamusoro pokuchengeteka kwezvokudya:

• Zvokudya Kuyeuka Hot List
• Zvinotakisa Kubika Zvipfeko Zvekugadzirira Chidzidzo Chinyorwa
• Food Poisoning Bulletin (disclaimer: Ndiri mupepeti wepaiti ino, iyo inoratidzira ruzivo rwekuchengetedza kwezvokudya uye inonyora zvose zvinorangarira uye zvinoshandiswa.)

Enda kune peji rinotevera kuti udzidze nezvemashoko ekubuda kwemagetsi.

Ko Zvakadini Nemasimba Okubuda?

Kana simba racho richibuda mumba mako, tevera mitemo yekuchengeteka kwezvokudya. Zvokudya zvinoparara zvinogara zvakachengeteka mumhepo yechando yemaawa maviri apo kutonhora kuri pasi pe-80 degrees F. Pamusoro pekuti kutonhora, iwe unongova neawa imwe chete mabhakitiriya asati atanga kukura mune zvokudya zvisina kufanira.

Chengetedza firiji yako uye firiji yakavharwa. Vhura mikova zvishoma zvingaita. Firiji isina kuvharwa inofanira kuchengetedza zvokudya zvinotonhora kwemaawa mana; iwe uchave uchifanira kuongorora chimwe nechimwe chimwe chinhu kana simba richidzoka.

Bhizaji iyo iri hafu yakazara inofanira kuchengetedza zvokudya zvakanyanyiswa kwemaawa makumi maviri nemaviri; firiza yakazara inofanirwa kuchengeta zvokudya zvakanyanyiswa kwemaawa 48. Unogona kuvhara firiji yako uye mahwendefa ane mabhawende akareba kuti uedze kuidzivirira uye kuichengeta sechando sezvinobvira. Kwenguva refu, iwe unogona kuedza kuwana yakaoma ice kuti uise mufiriji yako, asi iwe unofanirwa kutora matanho chaiwo ekuitakura.

Kana kubuda kwemhepo kunopedza nguva yakareba kupfuura maawa mana, bvisa mukaka, nyama, uye michero yekurairi kubva firiji uye uende navo muchitonhorera ine zvakawanda zvechando.

Kuva nechinguva kuverenga kupisa kwemafuro kunokosha pakugadzirisa kuchengetedza kwekudya mushure mokunge simba richidzoka. Kana firiji yakagadzirwa ichiri pasi pemadhora makumi mana, inofanira kuchengetedzwa. Tarisa kuti uone kana zvikafu zvakasvibirira zvichiri nemakristasi echando zvinoratidzika uye kuti kutengesa kwavo kunodarika madigiri makumi mana. Iwe unogona zvakare kuratidzira kudya uku, asi apo pangangodaro kuve nekurasikirwa kwehutano.

Uye yeuka mutemo unokosha zvikuru: Kana usina mubvunzo, chirasire kunze.

Chero mari ipi zvayo yaunogona kuwana kuburikidza nekuchengeta zvokudya zvinokuvadza ichakubhadhara zvakawanda zvakadai maererano nechiremba uye zvipatara zvipatara kana mumwe munhu achirwara.

Yeuka kuti kubika panze panguva yekubuda kwemagetsi pamarara ako kana gasi grill inzira yakanaka yekuchengetedza ushumo mukati meimba yako sechandoita sezvaunokwanisa.

Heino zvimwe zvinonyanya kukosha: chengetedza kutengesa-nemazuva paunotenga uye utaurire mutengesi wezvitoro kana ukaona chero kudya kwekupera kwepafufuti. Usafambidzana pakati pezvitoro nefiriji yako kana firiji pamusha. Usamboshandisa zvekudya mumakani anenge ari kuwedzera, achidonha, akaputika kana kuti ane dent. Nyora zvokudya mufiriji. Uya nezvose zvinokonzerwa nemasikirini uye gravies kumabiri anoputika asati ashumira.

Usashumira zvokudya mune zvisiri izvo zvokudya! Zvinhu zvakadai semaruva emaruva nemarangi emarara (nokuda kweKitata Litter Cake (uye kunyange zvakadaro ndingadai ndichiri kushandisa ganda guru rinodyiwa ini) rinogona kushandiswa chete kana mudziyo wacho wakatanga kunyatsogadziriswa nezvinhu zvakachengetwa zvekudya, kana imwe mudziyo, kana micheche miviri yepurasitiki yepurasitiki Haisi chete midziyo yakawanda yakagadzirwa nemutungamiri, asi inogona kuputirwa nemishonga inouraya iyo iri muimba yekuchengetedza. Ingova wakachengeteka uye sarudza zvigadzirwa uye kushumira ndiro dzakagadzirirwa zvokudya.

Kana iwe ukadzidza ruzivo urwu, kuchengetwa kwekuchengetedza kwakachengeteka kuchava chikamu chakaiswa mukati memikirwo yako yekicheni. Ndivo chimiro chechipiri kwandiri! Uye ini ndinonakidzwa nokubika uye kufadza zvimwe nokuti ndinoziva kuti ndakaita zvose zvandinogona kuti ndive nechokwadi chokuti zvokudya zvandinoshumira mhuri neshamwari zvakachengeteka.

~ Linda