Kutora kunotonhora kweItaly kunowanzogadzirwa kubva kune inguruve: salami, prosciutto, salsiccia, finocchiona, pancetta, nezvimwewo, izvo zvinowanzonzi salumi . Munguva yakapfuura, izvi zvose zvakagadzirwa apo hogs dzakagadziriswa pakupera kwekupedzisira kana kutanga kwechando ndokuisa parutivi rwekugonesa kupa nyama mukati memwedzi inotonhora apo nyama isina kudyiwa ingaparadza nokukurumidza. Sezvo mazita avo akasiyana zvikuru kubva kune imwe nzvimbo kuenda kune imwe nzvimbo mukati meItaly, tichazotanga nokutaura kuti izvi zvinorevei muTuscany, ndiko kwandinogara:
Salami
Iyo yakakura (3-4 masendimita yakadzika) yakasanganiswa yakaitwa nevhu yegorosi nemakumbo emafuta, yakagadzirwa negoriki, munyu, uye zvinonhuwira, uye yakaiswa mumatumbo makuru euru yenguruve. Mudiki mukoma wako salamino, ane kuzadzwa kwakafanana (mafuta angave akaoma zvishoma) asi ane 1-inch thick. Guta reFelino, muEmilia Romagna, rinoshamwaridzana nesarino yayo. Salamino piccante, slamino yakabikwa, yakagadzirwa nepepuru tsvuku yakakwana kuti ipe iyo inozivikanwa yerin orange; muU.S. inozivikanwa se pepperoni.
Prosciutto
Vanhu vakanyora mabhuku pamusoro peNorthern Italy vakaporeswa mavara mavara. Zvakare, zvinogona kugoverwa muzvikamu zviviri, dolce (sweet), uye salato , casalingo , kana Toscano (salty, homemade, kana Tuscan). Iyo yekare yakanyatsonatswa uye inodhura.
Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzeprosciutto dolce ndiParma neSan Daniele. Vose vari vaviri vanofanira kunge vane nyama yakadzika yakatsvuka uye mafuta akachena. Zvakare zvakapoteredzwa uye pane kungofunga, apo vekupedzisira vanomanikidzirwa kuti vape mamiriro avo e "Stradivarian" chimiro (nevakadzi, maererano neConorzio - varume vasina kukosha kwakakodzera).
Prosciutto salato , kune rumwe rutivi, inonyanya kunyutiwa uye yakasanganiswawo nemafuta anonhuwira anonzi agliata , akaitwa negashi uye pepper. Nyama inowanzosviba mumucheka, uye mafuta anogona kunge akaoma.
Zvichiitika, muItaly, prosciutto crudo inoreva nyama yakasviba, yakarapwa-munyu. Hamu yakagadzirwa, iyo yakatangwa mu "60s, inonzi prosciutto cotto - kunze kweiyo pizzeria menus, iyo inongova prosciutto uye chokwadi prosciutto inonzi prosciutto crudo .
Salsiccia
Link sausage , yakaitwa nevhu pasi pork, cubed yenguruve mafuta, zvinonhuwira, nemishonga. Vanopedzwa nenzira nhatu dzakasiyana.
Yakakura apo yakachena, mune sandwich (inofanirwa kuva yakatsva, uye imwe inofanirwa kunge iine fan guru yenguruve yakagadzirwa kuti iidye nenzira iyi - yakawanda ye fan kupfuura ini kazhinji ndiri ini).
Yakabikwa kana tsva -kana se-iri pane grill kana nekaseti yakabviswa, sechinhu chimwe mune dzimwe ndiro (somuenzaniso, edza kudonhedzera masikisi akadzikidzwa mukati meganda panguva inotevera kana uchicheka huku wose ).
Yakapetwa zvakanyatsonaka, kana vakwegura kwemwedzi inoverengeka. Muchiitiko ichi, ivo vakaita sendimi uye vanogona kunge vari kunyatsobata.
Finocchiona
Icho chinhu chakasiyana-siyana pa salami iyo inonzi inokonzerwa nembavha pane zvakanaka pedyo neguta rePrato, uyo akaba itsva salami ndokuivanza mumirasi yemhuka yefennel. Paakadzoka nokuda kwaro, akawana kuti yakanga yawana mafuta e nzvimbo yake yokuvanda uye yakanga yave yakaenzana nevanamwari. Kune marudzi maviri e finocchiona.
Imwe inonzi finocchiona, uye inoitwa yepamusoro pasi yenguruve nemafuta, yakasungwa nefennel, uye yakwegura kwekanguva; Zvakanyatsosimba.
Imwe inonzi sbriciolona, shoko rinoreva kudonhedzera, uye kunyange zvazvo kusanganiswa kwakafanana, kunonakidza zvikuru-kwakanyanya zvokuti kunongoputika kunze kwekuti yakatswa nehafu yehafu inch yakareba.
Sbriciolona yakanaka inobata zvinoshamisa, kunyanya pachikamu che schiacciata (A Tuscan flatbread yakafanana ne focaccia).
Pancetta
Iyo inozivikanwawo se rigatino (shoma duku) uye carnesecca (nyama yakaomeswa), izvi zvinoitwa kubva kune imwechete yakagadzirirwa kugadzira bhakoni. Zvisinei, haisi kusvuta (chaizvoizvo ikozvino inowanikwa mumarudzi maviri: dolce [sweet] uye affumicata [kusvuta]), uye hapana shuga inobatanidzwa. Kungofanana negorosi, munyu, nemiti inonhuwira, kunyanya, chirwere chakasununguka chepfudzi tsva . Inenge iri nguva dzose inoshandiswa sechinhu chimwe mune dzimwe ndiro, dzimwe nguva kupa ruvara, uye dzimwe nguva kutora basa rinorayira, somuenzaniso, pasta alla carbonara kana mupfumi akapfuma all'arrabbiata . Pancetta inogonawo kutengeswa yakasungirirwa uye yakasungwa, panguva iyo inonzi pancetta arrotolata .
Capocollo
Iyo inozivikanwawo sekoppa, izvi zvinoporesa mapepa asit.
Zvakare zvakasvibirira, uye zvakagadzirwa nemunyu, maruva, uye zvinonhuwira.
Lardo
Izwi rinoshandura sechirwere, uye ndizvo zvinoreva, mafuta akawandisa ane mamwe mashomanana mashomanana emhuka yakatsvuka, anoporesa nemiriwo, pepper, uye munyu. Nyama yakawanda inonyanya kuzikanwa yeItaly inobva kune rimwe guta rinonzi Colonnata, iro rakakonzerwa pamuganhu pakati pematombo maviri emarombo muApuans pamusoro peCarrara. Ikoko ichembera mu slabs yemuchena Carrara marble.
Lardo anogona kushandiswa sechinhu chinopisa mune zvimwe zvidyo (mune zviduku zviduku, kana zvishoma zvishoma uye zvakapoteredzwa kune imwe imwe yakagadzirwa nyama), asi kana zvakanyanya zvakanaka, zvakashumirwa naMwari se-ndeye, mapepa akachekwa-akacheka uye anoshandiswa kugadzirwa chingwa. Kana cholesterol yako inogona kuitora, iyi ndeimwe yepaspasti yakanakisisa iripo.
Yakapiwa mafuta egorosi ayo anoshandiswa pakubika, semafuta, anonzi strutto.
Soppressata
MuTuscany, iyi isususiti yakagadzirwa zvikurukuru kubva kune yakasara yenguruve yakagadzirwa-katekete, snippets yenyama, nezvimwe zvakadaro, izvo zvakaputirwa muganda remhuka uye kubika. Saka, muchimiro, inenge yakafanana ne porchetta, iyo nyama yakakangwa yakagadzirwa zvakakwana pamusoro pomupfira. Zvisinei, tambani yakasiyana zvakasiyana uye pane zvakasiyana; vanhu vanoita kuti vavakidzani vavo vaite saizvozvo vasati vapa.
Trichinosis, unoshamisika? Izvo zvinenge zvisingazivikanwi muItaly. Munyu uye kukwegura, ndakamboudzwa, ndinotarisira zvipembenene. Mune dzimwe nguva, iwe unofanira kufara kudya kwako, kunze kwemusvina, kwemazuva makumi mana, uye pamwe nevakawanda, semuenzaniso, prosciutto, nguva dzechinguva dzichava nguva yakareba. Vanhu vanowanzopedza chirwere chavo kusvikira pagore, kana kuti vaturika panzvimbo yakanatswa zvakanaka-ventilated kana pasi peganda rakaoma.
CHII UNOFANIRA KUITA KUDZIDZWA KUNHU KUNA?
- Nyama, iyo inofanira kuva yepamusoro yepamusoro yepamusoro yehupfu yenguruve , kana zvichibvira kune mhuka yakakurwa mumuti.
- Nguruve mafuta. Zvakare, unhu hwepamusoro uye hwakanaka chaizvo.
- Garlic.
- Munyu. Ndaifamba nemunyu wecungwa. MuItaly, inonzi Sale Marino uye inotengeswa yakaoma uye yakakera. Nyuchi dzisiri yegungwa dzichashanda kwenguva yakareba sezvo yakachena munyu, isina zvinowedzera. Kugadzira kwakanaka kungave kuri nani mukuzadza; apo iwe uri kuisa salting kubva kune imwe kunze kana uchange uchishanda kunyange zvazvo ini ndingapinda nekunaka.
- Zvakadini munyu? Norcini (nyanzvi mukurapa nyama yenguruve) Ndakataurirana kuti ndinoshandisa 2.5-2.8% nehupamhi kana uchiita salami kana zvimwe zvidimbu zvinotonhora izvo zvinofanira kuitika mumasasa. Saka kana uine mapaundi zana e salami mix, iwe uchada 2,5 pounds emunyu. Pamakaseji ayo achabikwa, semuenzaniso, cotechino , anowedzera munyu kusvika kune 3%, zvakare kuburikidza nekuyera. Pasina kubika 3% yaizoita kuti inyama ive yakawanda, inoti, kana iri pasi pe2% nyama inogona kuparadza.
- Zvinonhuwira, izvo zvinogona kusanganisira mapepa-piercorns akazara, nutmeg, mbeu yefennel, sinamoni, uye cloves, zvichienderana nemapfudze.
- A grinder nyama. Mhando yakagadziriswa ichaita zvakanaka, kunyange iwe unenge uchida gorosi remagetsi kana uri kushanda nemabhuku makuru.
- Sausage casings . Maererano naCassandra Vivian, mabheji anotengeswa akaiswa mumunyu, uye purogiramu yakazaruka ichachengetedza gore kana kupfuura kana yakazara mumunyu. Kuti avashandise, anotaura kuvashambidza zvakanaka uye kuvadzikisa kwemaminitsi mashanu.
Izwi pamusoro pekugadzirisa zvinhu: kuisa zvinhu zvakadzika pasi zvakasimba. Nepo iwe usingadi kudarika uye kuparadzanisa karoti, haudi chero nzvimbo dzomumhepo dzingasara kana, nokuti kana chikwata chemhepo chichiripo, chichava nzvimbo yekudzivirira. - A pricker (chii chinonzi pettinino muTuscany - diski ine misumiso yakawanda yakasungirirwa kubva pairi, yakashandiswa kupfutidza karosi mushure mekunge yakanyongedzerwa.
Mapoka uye Mazano
Salame Toscano
Yakanakisa kunhuhwirira, yakagadzirwa nekariki, munyu, uye zvinonhuwira zvishoma.
Pancetta
Iyo inokosha inopisa inyanzvi muzvakawanda zvizhinji zvekudya.
Prosciutto Toscano
Tuscan inoporesa ham ndeimwe yezvakanaka zveupenyu muupenyu.
Finocchiona
Saizvozvowo kune salami, asi zvinonakidza zvakajeka ne fennel.
La Salsiccia di Lucca
Classic Tuscan sausages.
Nzira inofadza, mapoka maviri akanaka, uye zviratidzo zvehutano zvakare. Kubva kuLa Lama Family Secrets.
[Yakagadziridzwa naDanette St. Onge musi waMay 26, 2016.]