Chokutanga, Zvimwe Zvakaitika
Kudzokera Kunzvimbo Yacho
Vanhu vazhinji vanofunga nezve pasta sequintessential Italian Dish, uye izvi ndezvechokwadi kune zvakawanda zvePeninsula, kunyanya kumaodzanyemba. Polenta, kune rumwe rutivi, yaiva zvokudya zvakadyiwa zvevarombo muNorth, kunyanya avo vanogara kunze kwenyika. Kusati kwasvika chibage mumakore ekuma1700 apera, yaive nemafuta uye / kana masaga mashed uye akabika kune mush, uye yakagadzirwa nemafuta, anyezi, fennel, uchi, kana chero chaivepo.
Uninspiring, asi zvechokwadi inonwisa zvakakwana kuchengetedza vanhu vari vapenyu.
Nekuiswa kwegorosi, zvinhu zvakashandura zvakanyanya, sezvo vashandi vomunyika vakaona kuti zviyo zvitsva zvaive zvinobudirira kupfuura zviyo zvepanyama, uye naizvozvo, vaigona, kupa, zvakawanda zvevhu ravo kune zviyo zvaizovapa mari kana vaizogara varimi vanogara pazviyo. Chibage chakanga chakasvibiswa sezvakanga zvarairwa zviyo zvekare, uye polenta yakasvika pakureva chibage kudya mush. Pasina nguva refu mhuri dzine urombo dzakanga dzisingabatsiri pane chimwe chinhu, sezvakaitwa Pasquale Villari mubhuku rake, Lettere Meridionali, muna 1886:
"... Varimi vanozivikanwa se disobbligati (vashandi vezuva) vanotsigira mhuri dzinopfuura 20 000 dzakapoteredza Mantova, uye kune vamwe vazhinji vasina kunaka zvikuru. Vashandi ava vanowana mubairo weiyo anenge 1.2 Teerera zuva, kana vakashanda, uye matambudziko avo ekupedzisira 10, 12, uye kunyange maawa 14 zuva rega rega (commission) (kutsvakurudza mujenya wevashandi) nenzira yakakodzera inoreva mamiriro avo ehurumende.Varimi nemhuri dzavo vanopukunyuka zvinongoda pecenta chete, kwavanowedzera eiii uye chesi yakaipa mu manheru, asi kwete nguva dzose.Vanenge vari kushanda ivo vanodya chingwa nechingwa kamwechete pavhiki, asi munguva yechando ndeye polenta mangwanani emasikati neusiku, uye kudya kwechitatu kunowanzomanikidzwa mune imwe. yakagadzirwa kubva muzviyo zvakakonzerwa nekushayiwa kwekilns, uye yakasimwa kana yakakura.Izviitiko zvinotambudza zuva nezuva, uye zvatotanga kugunzva varimi vakapfuma, kusvikira vatanga kutengesa nguruve dzavo , uye por chikafu chezviyo chakavimbiswa nehurumende dzavo, kutenga chibage kuti varambe vane nzara munguva yechando.
Nhamo, kungopera zviyo kuitira kuti mbeu inobereka zvokudya zvinenge zvadzazadza asi kwete zvinovaka muviri, sezvo chirwere chekudya chevanhu chinogona kukwanisa kuwana michero (vaAmerica vaigara muchibage vakagadzira nenzira yakasiyana). Kunyanya kuvimba kwezviyo zvembeu yemapalenta yakaunzwa nehutano husinganzwisisiki hwehutano hunonzi pellagra, iyo (inotsanangurazve Villari zvakare) "inotanga nemusoro uye mushure shure, kurwadziwa kwemhedzisiro, uye mudumbu aches.Unoona hunooma, kunzwa kunonoka, uye parizvino inotanga mukati, inotangira mutumbi uye kupararira kumagumo uye rurimi.Icho chinowanzova chirwere chinopfuurira, asi chinogona kuva chakaoma, chinenge se typhus, uye nekuuraya nokukurumidza.Asi zvisinei, zvinowanzotora mwedzi yakawanda, neine-flare-ups inopedza dambudziko racho uye inogona kumuuraya munzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzinofanana nezvimwe zvirwere. Inowanzokonzera hupenzi, iyo inobatanidza zvakare, uye inotora maitiro akawanda, kunyanya kuora mwoyo uye kuora mwoyo ... "
Sei, iwe unoshamisika, pane munhu angada kudya zvokudya zvinounza zvose izvi pazviri?
Mhinduro yacho ipapo yaiva yokuti pakanga pasina chimwe chinhu, uye avo vakanga vasina kukwanisa kuenda kune imwe nyika vakanga vasina chavangasarudza. Kumabvazuva kweItalyan vachiri kudya nhasi, kune rumwe rutivi, nokuti inonaka kwazvo, inonyanya kushandiswa, uye inofanirwa kuenderera kune zvinhu zvemarudzi ose. Kunyangwe inogona kutengwa yakagadzirirwa-yakagadzirwa, purist yakarurama mukuti izvo zvaunoita pamba zviri nani.
Kuita Polenta | Polenta Mapepa uye mapepa akafanirwa nepolenta
Iyo nzira yakananga mberi. Iwe unoda:
- 1 pound kana zvishoma zvishoma zvakakosha pasi chibage chekudya (unoda chibage kudya kusagadzikana kwemavara akanaka kune jecha riri pakati, kwete upfu, uye kana zvichiita dombo-pasi)
- 2 inokwira mvura inopisa (ine zvimwe zvinobatsira)
- A teaspoon inoputika yemunyu
Isa mvura mumoto muhari yakadzika pasi uye uwedzere munyu. Kana zvasvika pamamota, wedzerai mbeu yegorosi mumvura inononoka (haudi kuti pombi irege kuvira), ichikurudzira nguva dzose nehuni yehuni kuchengetedza michero kubva pakuumba. Ramba uchifambisa, nenzira imwe chete, seye mush thickens, kweinenge hafu yeawa (iyo nguva refu iwe unomutsa zviri nani polenta ichava; ipera yakapera inofanira kuva nekusanganiswa kwemazambique yakashambadza), kuwedzera mvura inopisa sezvinodiwa.
Iyo polenta inogadzirwa kana inongedza nyore kubva kumativi ehari yacho.
Inoshumira 4.
Iyi ndiyo nzira yakatarwa yauchawana mumabhuku ose ekuItaly cook, uye inotora zvakakwana zvakawanda zvekuita nokuti kana iwe ukarega kushandisa polenta inonamatira uye inopisa-kuedza kwakakwana iyo kambani inogadzira paioli (yemhando yemhangura polenta pots) iyo motorized attachments kutarisira kushungurudza. Zvinoshanda zvakanaka, asi iwe unofanira kutenga imwe.
Johane panzvimbo pachake akanyorera kuti anditaurire nezvenzira yakajeka zvikuru:
"Unofungidzira uchiita" Verza e Luganega "iwe zvakare (inonzi, kunze kweMilan), saka wakabvunzurudza mapirenta yako zvakare .. Izvi zvinodzokorora mantra isingagumi yaunofanira kumutsa, kumutsa, kumutsa. uye vanobvuma kuti zvakange zvichiita kukanganisa kushingaira kwekugadzirisa kwepolenta nguva dzose.
"Kusvikira shamwari yedu Patrizia ichitaura nezvemhuri inoshanyira Valle d'Aosta." Vakapinda muTrattoria nguva dzasikati, masikati, uye vakakumbira kana vaigona kudya, hongu, vaigona. Zvechokwadi, subito.Kana pahafu-yechitatu yapfuura masikati.Ichi chaiita sechisinganzwisisiki kana nguva dzose chaifanira kuitwa zvakanyanya mumakakatani emaminitsi makumi mana.
"Ipapo vakaudzwa chakavanzika:
"Gadzirira mapapenta ako chaiwo sepakutanga, asi kana wanyura furawa yemafuta mumvura inopisa, unoifukidza nepepuru tsvuku (Ndichangobva kuzarura bhandi repepuru ratinowana chingwa chedu), chivhara chifukidziro, chengetedza kusvika kumushure wekupisa uye kuchinja kupisa kusvika kune zvishoma.Zvino, mushure mekunge maminitsi makumi mana nemakumi mana, hey presto, polenta yako yakagadzirira-isina kuomesa.Icharamba ichidziya ... chero munhu anenge achidzoka maawa maviri achinge apedza kudya kwemasikati.
"Takaidza uye inoshanda chaizvo."
Remo inoratidza imwe nzira yakakwana kana iwe uronga mberi:
"Amai vangu vekare (vakaberekerwa muItaly) vakandidzidzisa makore apfuura kuti ndingadzivisa sei kunetseka kwekukurudzira uye kukurudzira uye kukonzera polenta. Mambakwedza iwe uchange uine smoothest, creamiest polenta iwe unongorota chete. Chikamu chimwe chete chinogona kuitwa mundiro yakagadzirirwa mumvura seyomuviri wekumisa-bhati (chiyero chokufananidza ndiro mukati) - inochengetedza yekuchenesa mubiki pikari. "
Loris akaverenga Remo's zano uye anoti,
"Iko pfungwa huru kana iwe uchigadzirira vanhu vashomanana." Zvisinei, patinozviita, inhau yemhuri inowanzobatanidza vanhu 5-10, kana kupfuura, kudya kwemanheru.Takawana, kuitira kuti tisaiti mazamu anoenderana nekuwedzera chibage mumvura inenge inwaya, kushandisa musanganise ruoko . Muvhenganisi haaiti nzvimbo inomutsa iyo inobatanidzwa kuitira kuti usapinda polenta kubva pakanamatira kusvika pasi pebhodhi, asi zero zvinogadziriswa. "
Gian John Banchero panzvimbo iyo anoshandisa Pression Cooker:
Ndini chibereko chebaba vePiemontese uye amai veSicilian. Amai vakanga vasina ruzivo rwakakwana nepolenta saka kupfuura makore akariita mukumanikidzika, dzimwe nguva kunetseka kwehama dzangu dzokuchamhembe dzinoshandisa mhangura yepamhangura, ichidada mumafuta avo akakurumbira.
Ini ndinogadzira polenta mukumanikidzika mupfeki 99% yenguva, kana ndisingafungi kuti ndaizozviita kakawanda.
Pandakazoshanyira kuPiemonte neMilano, ndakashamiswa kuona kuti hama dzakawanda dzinoshandisa nzira yekugadzirisa.
Iyi ndiyo nzira yangu (uye Amai) nzira yokumanikidzira cooker polenta:
- Zvikwereti zvepolenta kudya uye mvura inodiwa
- Lump of butter
- Munyu
Kanda zvose zvinoshandiswa mumhepo inokonzera kuvhara, kuvhara. Pakazara kupisa kunounza zvose kumota wakaoma, kufukidza pfu dzemvura (chero zvarinonzi), kupisa kwakadzika kusvika kune moto wakadzika uye kubika kwemaminitsi gumi. Kana imwe nguva kudzvinyirirwa kwadzikisa - zvichida zvakasikwa kana pasi pemvura inotonhorera - kubvisa chifukidzo uye kupa polenta tsvina yakanaka kuitira kuti isanganise mumvura. Plop kunze kwebhodhi uye ushande semagariro.
Mhedziso yekupedzisira: Apo polenta yakanaka gore rose, kuitisa muzhizha kuchapisa kicheni yako, icho chinhu chaungada kuita kunze. Kutengeserana kwakagadzirirwa polenta hakuiti kushandiswa kwemarudzi akasiyana-siyana asi inoshanda uye inotyisa nguvaaver. Hazvirevi kutaura zvakanaka.
Polenta: History uye background | Polenta Mapepa uye mapepa akafanirwa nepolenta
- Polenta uye Black Leaf Kale - Polenta e Cavolo Nero
Kunyange zvazvo maItaly anowanzobatanidza cavolo nero pamwe neTuscany, yakakura munyika yose, uye iyi kamukira inobva kuValle d'Aosta. Inowanzoshandiswa sekudya kumwe chete. - Cervo Stufato ai Funghi
Stewed Venison nemamichi: Zvinonaka! - Calentita
- Kusiyana kweGibraltarian paPanissa inounzwa nevashambadzi veLigurian.
- Polenta in Sarda
Mwoyo wakashinga, wakashinga weSaridine polenta unopedza cheese uye tomato sauce; kusanganiswa nesadhi yakanyungudzwa iyo ichava kudya kwakakwana. - Polenta con Fagioli, Fave e Cavoli
Polenta neKabbage neBheani , inonakidza yechando mari. - Polenta del Reggitore
- Polenta yakakanyiwa neine runny cheese inonaka.
- Frittelle di Polenta para Lodigiana
- Inonaka yepenta fritters izere neprosciutto uye cheese. The perfect tidbit!
- Polenta pasticciata alla tirolese
- A zest baked polenta yakasikwa ne anchovy butter . Kurumidza, uye rakanaka muchemo kana kuwira.
- Gungwa Dzvuku uye Mushonga pamusoro pePolenta
Yakave yakanakisisa kamukira kubva kuStuart Borken. - Polenta Pasticciata para Milanese
- Mupfumi, akaisvonaka wakabika polenta dish ne nyama uye mushroom kuitira kuti nguva yechando igare.
- Polenta Pasticciata para Lombarda
A rich baked polenta nechesi inobatsira kuchengetedza chando chechando chiripo. - Polenta Pasticciata in the Salsicce
Baked polenta nemakungu, imwe nzira inonaka kune imwe nguva yekudya, kana kudya kwemanheru. - Polenta Pastizada Trionfo Friulana
Anowanzopfumisa akabika baked polenta, yakakwana yekugadzira chikafu. - Pasticcio di Polenta e Gorgonzola
- Mwoyo unofadza, unofadza wakakwana munguva yechando.
- Polenta para Viandese
Polenta, yakagadzirwa neamoni yakasvibiswa, shuga, uye yakabikwa: chikafu chechikafu kana kambamambakwedza kuMantova. - Polenta coi Fasoi
Polenta nemabhandi inogadzira antipasto inonaka, kana kushamwaridzana kwakanaka kune yakabikwa kana nyama. - Polenta Vuncia
Polenta yakazara yakakoswa neharu--ceded butter and cheese. Mouthwatering !. - Fagiolata
Piiemonte yakaenzana neKork neBhanani yakakwana pane polenta. - Fasuleda
Saka ndizvo zvakaitwa muEmilia pedyo. - Polenta e Osei Scappati
Polenta uye shiri dzinenge dzatiza-chikafu chekuti vavhimi vauya vasina chinhu. - Goulash naPolenta
- Zvechokwadi akabatanidzwa akafuridzirwa!
- Polenta naBaccalà alla Vicentina
Baccalà yakabikwa mumukaka yakakwana zvakakwana nepolanta kunyanya fried polenta squares. - Polentone con Lumache
Nokoni uye polenta, rustic fare yeChishanu kudya mumakomo umo kwakanga kusina hove. Uye mirayiridzo yekugadzira masonje. - Beso Brasato con Gnocchi di Polenta
Nyemba yakave yakanyunguduka yakagadzirwa nepolenta sechidimbu. - Tacchino con Cipolle alla Contadina
Chimwe chinhu chisina kujairika chikafu chechikamu chinenge chakanaka nepolenta. - Cinghiale fra Due Fuochi
Nguruve yemhuka (kana imwe mhuka) inoshandiswa uye yakabikwa ne marinade, inoshanda zvakanaka nepolenta. - Lombo di Maiale con le Mele
Nguruve yakavhara nemaapuro inowanikwa uye inoshanda zvakanaka nepolenta. - Agnello con le Olive Nere
Kusuruvara kwemaorivhi madema kunonyatsozadza upfumi hwegwayana. - Ossa dei Morti
Mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzenzvimbo yeVeneto, makiki aya anogadzirwa nepolenta-based poda. - Verze e Luganega
Luganega sausage (re-link sausage) uye Savoy kabichi ndiyo yakakwana yepolenta.
Kuvhara (ikozvino), polenta inoshamisawo sechigunzva, inotanga kusvika 1 ne-3-inch, 1/2-inch thick squares, yakabikwa, uye inoparadzirwa ne mushroom sauce kana chiropa paté.
Enjoy!
Polenta: History uye background | Kuita Polenta